生产效率视域下加工番茄生产要素冗余的区域差异及影响因素

新疆是我国番茄制品生产和出口的重要基地，基于新疆加工番茄主产县域480份农户的调研数据，采用DEA-BCC模型，测算新疆加工番茄主产县域的生产效率，分析加工番茄主产县域的生产要素冗余率，并利用地理探测器模型，揭示影响加工番茄生产效率的关键因子。结果表明：新疆加工番茄主产县域的生产效率存在显著差异，且生产效率均未达到DEA有效水平；其次，加工番茄主产县域的生产要素投入存在不同程度的冗余，种植面积和农业机械投入冗余属于资源利用强度不足型，劳动力、化肥及农药投入冗余属于要素投入过度型；家庭纯收入、户主年龄、户主受教育程度、种植时间和种植面积是生产效率出现县域差异的主要因子，解释力度介于61.4%~65.2%，且因子间相互作用的影响力均高于单独作用的影响力，表明促进县域之间生产要素的合理流动和高效集聚，发挥主产县域的辐射带动作用，可以有效提高加工番茄种植户的生产效率。

Regional differences and influencing factors of redundancy of production factors in processing tomato from the perspective of production efficiency

Xinjiang is an important base for production and export of tomato products in China. Based on the survey data of 480 farmers in the main producing counties of processing tomato in Xinjiang, the DEA-BCC model was used to measure the production efficiency of the main producing counties of processing tomato in Xinjiang, analyze the redundancy rate of production factors in the main producing counties of processing tomato in Xinjiang, and the geographical detector model was also used to reveal the key factors affecting the production efficiency of processing tomato. The results showed that there were significant differences in the production efficiency of Xinjiang processing tomato in main producing counties, and the production efficiency did not reach the effective level of DEA. Secondly, the input of essential productive factors in main producing counties of processing tomato had different levels of redundancy, among which the redundancy of planting area and agricultural machinery fell within the insufficient intensity of resource utilization, while the redundancy of labor force, fertilizers and pesticides fell within excessive input of productive factors. Net income of farmer families, their age, education level, planting schedule and planting area were the main contributory factors for the county level difference in productivity， the corresponding level of explanation is 61.4%-65.2%, and all the effect of interaction between the factors was greater than that of individual effect, indicating that reasonable flow and efficient clustering of productive factors between the counties and the radiation function of main producing counties can effectively enhance the productivity of processing tomato growers.