基于TracePro的LED光照鹅孵化机设计及试验

为改善鹅种蛋孵化性能，以辐照度均匀度、孵化机容蛋量和安全性为指标，基于TracePro Expert光学仿真软件对孵化机内LED灯带布置进行仿真和安装设计，同时选用不同LED光照进行种蛋孵化试验，以确定最佳孵化期光照方案。结果表明，在所设计的小型孵化机内，灯带条数为3条，水平间距为25 cm，安装高度距离蛋表面20 cm时为最佳布置方案，此时辐照度均匀度为0.692，满足建筑照明最低标准。与传统的黑暗条件孵化相比，辐照度为0.5~0.6 W/m2的LED红光和白光显著提高鹅种蛋孵化率，分别提高4.39和2.39个百分点，且缩短出雏窗口期约16 h；而单色绿光能促进胚胎发育，利于鹅胚体重的增加。该研究结果可为后续高性能鹅种蛋孵化机的设计和优化提供参考。

Design and test of the LED lighting incubator of goose eggs based on TracePro software

To improve the hatching performance of goose eggs, the layout of LED light strips was simulated and designed based on TracePro Expert software. During the simulation and designing, illumination irradiance uniformity, incubators egg capacity, and electricity safety were considered indicators. Besides, different colors of monochromatic lights were used to conduct the hatching experiments to determine the best illumination scheme. Results showed that the 3 LED light strips with a distance of 25 cm and installation height of 20 cm were the best combination. Under this condition, the illumination irradiance uniformity is 0.692, which meets the minimum standard of building lighting. Compared to the traditional incubation under dark conditions, the monochromatic red light and full spectrum LED white light with an intensity of 0.5 to 0.6 W/m2 significantly improved the hatchability by 4.39 and 2.39 percent, respectively. They also shortened the hatching window by about 16 h. However, green LED light with the same intensity had no significant effect on hatchability. It promoted the development of embryos and improved the weight of gooselings. This research provides a reference for the design and optimization of high performance incubators of goose eggs.