基于EDEM的滚筒式穴播器排种性能仿真与试验*

为探究花生种子外形尺寸、穴播器工作转速及取种器结构参数对滚筒式穴播器排种性能的影响,将花生种子按外形尺寸分为3级,利用离散元分析软件EDEM建立穴播器和种子的仿真模型,模拟不同等级花生种子在不同转速、不同结构参数取种器下排种器的排种性能。仿真结果表明:随着工作转速的增加,穴播器对各级花生的合格指数均呈下降趋势,当工作转速大于40 r/min时,合格指数下降明显;当工作转速额定,侧孔和容腔的尺寸分别为40 mm和30 mm时,对大粒种子的排种性能最优,合格指数为91.37%;侧孔和容腔的尺寸分别为32 mm和25 mm时,对中粒种子的排种性能最优,合格指数为93.07%;侧孔和容腔的尺寸分别为28 mm和20 mm时,对小粒种子的排种性能最优,合格指数为93.02%,可见,种子与取种器的适配性影响排种性能。田间试验表明,在穴播器工作转速40 r/min、取种器侧孔长度32 mm,容腔长度25 mm条件下滚筒式穴播器对各级花生种子的排种性能与仿真变化规律一致,离散元分析方法应用于滚筒式花生穴播器上是可行的,本研究为穴播器的优化设计提供理论依据。

Simulation and experiment on seeding performance of peanut roller type hill-drop planter based on EDEM

In order to research the influence of peanut seed shape size, hill-drop planter rotating speed, and seed extractor structure on the seeding performance of hill-drop planter, peanut seeds were divided into three levels according to the shape size.In this study, models of hill-drop planter and seeds were designed using EDEM software, which simulated seeding performance under different grades of peanut seeds at different rotational speeds and structural parameters. The simulation results showed that with the increase of the working speed, the qualification index of the hill-drop planter for all levels of peanuts showed a decreasing trend. When the working speed was greater than 40 r/min, the qualification index dropped significantly. When the working speed was rated and the dimensions of the side hole and cavity were 40 mm and 30 mm, respectively, the seed metering performance of large seeds was the best, and the qualification index was 91.37%. When the sizes of the side holes and the cavity were 32 mm and 25 mm, the seeding performance of the medium seeds was the best and qualified. The index was 93.07%.When the size of the side hole and the cavity were 28 mm and 20 mm, the seeding performance of small seeds was the best, and the pass index was 93.02%. It could be seen that the adaptability of the seed and the seed extractor affects the seeding performance. The field comparison test indicated that when the working speed of the hill-drop planter was 40 r/min, the length of the side hole of the seeder was 32 mm, and the length of the cavity was 25 mm, the seeding performance of the hill-drop planter for all levels of peanut seeds was consistent with the simulation change law. It was feasible to apply the discrete element analysis method to the hill-drop planter.This research provided a theoretical basis for the optimal design of the hill-drop planter.