辽宁西部地区营造沙棘人工林防护效能的调查研究

通过对辽西地区大面积沙棘人工林的调查和定位观测,沙棘人工林具有良好的防护效能.据测定,沙棘枯枝落叶的持水率290%,树冠截雨率49%;沙棘的初渗速度比荒山提高42%,土壤水分提高12.9个百分点;4～7年生沙棘林年平均减少径流40388.9m3/km2,减少泥沙流失量1001.83t/km2;沙棘林地表层土壤容重比荒坡减少2.2%,土壤团粒提高4.72%,沙棘林土壤有机质、全氮、速效氮、全磷、速效磷等含量明显高于荒坡对照区.同时,沙棘果实具有很高的经济价值,已被广泛的开发利用,因此沙棘已被誉为集生态、经济、社会效益于一身的重要生态经济林树种.

Investigation of the Protective Effects of Afforested Seabuckthorn in West Part of Liaoning Province

Through investigation and orientation in vast areas of the west part of Liaoning Province afforested seabuckthorn possesses good protective effect.According to the measured data,the water content in litter layer is 290%.The rain interception efficiency of tree canopy is 49%.The initial filtration of seabuckthorn stands is raised to 42% compared with the bare hilly land.The soil moisture is raised up by 2.9%.The afforested seabuckthorn can decrease annual run-off by 40388.9m3/km2,decrease soil loss by 1001.83t/km2.The bulk weight of the top ground surface layer is decreased by 2.2%.The crumb structure is raised up by 4.72%.The organic matter,total nitrogen the fast dissolved nitrogen,the total phosphate,the fast affected phosphate,etc.evidently are higher than that of the corresponding bare slopes.In the same time,seabuckthorn fruit has very high economic value,and has been widely development and utilized.Thus seabuckthorn has been considered as one of the ecological tree species which possesses ecological,economic and social effects.