水分调控与种植模式对枸杞生长和水分利用效率的影响

探究适于引黄灌区枸杞的水分调控和种植模式，以解决水土资源紧缺的生产实际问题。采用两因素随机区组设计进行大田试验，设置4个水分梯度（充分灌溉W0，75%～85%；轻度亏缺W1，65%～75%；中度亏缺W2，55%～65%；重度亏缺W3，45%～55%）和2种种植模式（枸杞单作D、枸杞间作苜蓿J），研究不同灌水种植模式对土壤水分含量，以及枸杞耗水特征、生长、产量和水分利用效率的影响。研究结果表明，枸杞总耗水量随水分亏缺程度加重而减小，间作较单作增加了耗水量，但同时提高了灌水利用比例。枸杞生长随水分亏缺程度加重而减缓，间作苜蓿抑制枸杞生长。轻度亏缺W1提高了枸杞干果百粒质量，充分灌溉枸杞产量最大，轻度亏缺枸杞水分利用效率最高，DW1处理水分利用效率为3.83 kg/（hm2·mm）。间作苜蓿对枸杞产量影响不显著，降低了枸杞水分利用效率，但因苜蓿的产出而提升了综合效益。综合考虑，轻度水分调控W1的枸杞生长与水分利用效率均较优，间作会一定程度上影响枸杞生长，但能提高水土资源利用效率。 

Effects of Water Regulation and Planting Patterns on Growth and Water Use Efficiency of Lycium barbarum

In order to solve practical production problem of water and soil resources shortage，water regulation and planting patterns of Lycium barbarum in Yellow River irrigation area were explored.A field experiment of two factor randomized block including four water gradients （full irrigation W0，75%～85%；mild deficit W1，65%～75%；moderate deficit W2，55%～65%；severe deficit W3，45%～55%） and two planting patterns （monoculture D and intercropping Alfalfa J） were set to study effects of different irrigations and planting patterns on soil water content，water consumption characteristics，growth，yield and water use efficiency.Results showed that，total water consumption of Lycium barbarum decreased with water deficit increasing，and intercropping increased water consumption，but increased proportion of irrigation utilization.The growth rate of Lycium barbarum was slowed down with aggravation of water deficit，while intercropping Alfalfa inhibited that of Lycium barbarum.The present study also showed that the 100～seed weight of Lycium barbarum dry fruit increased by W1，yield and water use efficiency of Lycium barbarum was the highest under full irrigation W0 and W1.On the other hand，intercropping Alfalfa had insignificant effect on yield and reduced water use efficiency of Lycium barbarum，but comprehensive benefit was improved due to output of Alfalfa.In general，growth and water use efficiency of Lycium barbarum under mild water regulation W1 （65%～75%） showed a better performance.Intercropping would affect growth of Lycium barbarum to a certain extent，but could improve water and soil resources use efficiency.