基于农机农艺结合的玉米膜下精密播种机设计

针对传统地膜覆盖需要人工放苗、出苗错位、容易板结及出苗率低等问题，研制一种农艺农机相结合的膜下播种机械。分别采用膜上滚筒播种、播种铺膜不打孔及播种铺膜破膜3种种植模式进行玉米种植试验。结果表明，采用播种后铺膜破膜方式种植的玉米相对出苗率最高，达90%以上。各试验因素中，膜下覆土厚度和膜上覆土厚度对出苗率影响最大，膜下覆土厚度2 cm、膜上覆土厚度2 cm时玉米的出苗效果最好。结合当地降水量进行喷淋试验，在相同雨量的情况下，膜下播种抗板结能力远超传统地膜覆盖。 

Design of Corn Precision Seeder under Film Based on Combination of Agricultural Machinery and Agronomy

Aiming at problems of traditional mulch film covering，such as manual seedling release，emergence dislocation，easy compaction，and low emergence rate，an agricultural machinery and agronomg combined under film sowing machine was developed.Corn planting experiments were carried out using three planting modes:drum planting on the film，sowing and spreading film without perforation，and sowing and spreading the film.Results showed that relative emergence rate of corn planted by film spreading and film breaking after planting was the highest，which was more than 90%.Among the experimental factors，the thickness of soil under film and thickness of soil on film have the greatest influence on emergence rate.The best effect of corn emergence was when the thickness of soil under membrane was 2cm and the thickness of soil above membrane was 2cm.Combined with the local rainfall，a spray test was conducted，under the same rainfall，the anti-consolidation ability of seeding under film far exceeded that of traditional mulching.