生物可降解地膜对棉花产量及水分利用效率的影响

为了探求华北平原棉花可降解地膜覆盖替代普通膜覆盖的可行性,解决白色污染问题,试验设置4种处理:6 μm PE普通地膜(PE)、8 μm生物可降解地膜(M1)、6 μm生物可降解地膜(M2)及不覆盖地膜(CK),分析比较各处理对棉花出苗率、叶面积指数(LAI)、农田耗水速率、产量及水分利用效率(WUE)的影响.结果表明,与处理CK相比,覆盖地膜显著提高了棉花出苗率,但3种覆膜处理间差异不具有统计学意义;在棉花生育前期,2种生物可降解地膜处理的LAI显著低于PE处理的.3种覆膜处理之间的籽棉产量和霜前花率的差异均不具有统计学意义.3种覆膜处理间WUE的差异不具有统计学意义,但均显著高于CK的.2种生物可降解地膜处理相较于PE,对棉花的出苗率、霜前花率、籽棉产量及WUE的差异均不具有统计学意义.相较于PE,使用6 μm生物可降解膜不会造成棉花耗水量升高,而8 μm可降解膜则显著增加了棉花的耗水量.因此6 μm生物降解膜取代PE膜较好.

Effects of biodegradable mulch on cotton yield and water use efficiency

In order to explore the feasibility of replacing ordinary mulch with biodegradable one in cotton fields of North China Plain and solve the white pollution problem,four experimental treatments,i.e.6μm ordinary mulch(PE),8μm biodegradable film 1(M1),6μm biodegradable film 2(M2),and bared land(control-CK)were set up.Effects of the various treatments on the emergence rate,leaf area index(LAI),agricultural water consumption rate,yield and water use efficiency(WUE)of cotton were analyzed and compared.The results show that compared with CK,mulching treatments significantly improve the seed emergence rate,but the difference between three films in PE,M1 and M2 is not statistically significant.LAI of two biodegradable films M1 and M2 is significantly lower than PE in the early stage,and PE is the best in seed cotton yield and pre-frost flower rate.There is no significant difference in seed cotton yield and pre-frost flower rate among the three treatments.Likewise,there is no significant difference in WUE among the three mulching treatments,but their WUE is signi-ficantly higher than that of CK.Compared with PE,there is no statistically significant difference in seed emergence rate,pre-frost flower rate,seed cotton yield and WUE between the two biodegradable mulch treatments.Compared with PE,the 6μm biodegradable film does not increase the cotton water consumption,but the 8μm biodegradable film do significantly increase the consumption.It is better to replace PE with the 6μm biodegradable mulch.