枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂对盐胁迫下冬小麦生长与土壤水氮分布的影响

为了研究枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂在盐胁迫下对冬小麦生长与土壤水氮分布的影响,以盆栽冬小麦种植为试验手段,在8 g/kg的盐分质量比下,设置枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂质量比为0(CK),1(G1),3(G3),5(G5)和7(G7)g/kg等5种施加梯度处理,分析了冬小麦株高、叶面积、生物量以及土壤水分和硝态氮含量的变化情况.结果表明:(1) 盐碱地中添加枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂可明显促进冬小麦株高叶面积生长,添加该菌菌剂处理的株高增加2.67%~17.20%,叶面积指数增加9.10%~34.80%;(2) 枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂对地下部分生物量的促进作用大于地上部分,处理G1,G3,G5,G7的根冠比与CK相比分别增加了28.53%,39.23%,15.91%,25.66%;(3) 枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂能提高产量,与CK相比,处理G1,G3,G5,G7的冬小麦产量分别增加7.49%,15.35%,8.41%,4.57%;(4) 枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂提高了冬小麦的水分利用效率,施加该菌菌剂的水分利用效率为26.94~31.06 kg/(hm²·mm),与对照相比增幅为9.00%~25.67%;(5) 枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂对土壤剖面固氮保水具有促进作用.添加枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂处理的硝态氮累积量减少了21.70%~30.40%,较处理CK的硝态氮累积量减少量明显降低.加菌剂处理后的土壤水分散失较少.综合各指标分析结果,枯草芽孢杆菌菌剂施用量为3 g/kg时对于盐胁迫环境下冬小麦的种植促进作用最显著.

Effects of Bacillus subtilis on growth of winter wheat and distribution of soil water and nitrogen under salt stress

In order to study the effect of Bacillus subtilis on the growth of winter wheat and the distribution of soil water and nitrogen under salt stress, potted winter wheat planting was used as an experimental method. Under the condition of 8 g/kg salt concentration of soil, five different gradient treatments with Bacillus subtilis content of 0(CK), 1(G1), 3(G3), 5(G5)and 7(G7)g/kg were applied, and the changes of plant height, leaf area, biomass, soil moisture and nitrate nitrogen content of winter wheat were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) the growth of plant height and leaf area of winter wheat was significantly promoted by adding bacillus subtilis into saline-alkali soil, and the plant height and leaf area index increased by 2.67%-17.20% and 9.10%-34.80% respectively.(2) Compared with CK, the growth of biomass in underground part was greater than that in aboveground part, and root shoot ratio of G1,G3,G5 and G7 increased by 28.53%, 39.23%, 15.91% and 25.66%, respectively.(3) Compared with CK, the addition of Bacillus subtilis increased the wheat, which yield increase of G1,G3,G5 and G7 7.49%, 15.35%, 8.41% and 4.57%, respectively. (4) The water use efficiency of winter wheat was improved by Bacillus subtilis. The water use efficiency of wheat treated with Bacillus subtilis was 26.94-31.06 kg/(hm²·mm), which increased by 9.00%-25.67% compared with the control. (5) Bacillus subtilis has a positive effect on soil profile nitrogen fixation and water conservation. The accumulation of nitrate nitrogen in Bacillus subtilis treatment decreased by 21.70%-30.40%, respectively. Compared with CK treatment, the cumulative nitrate nitrogen was significantly lower. The soil water loss was less in the treatment of adding bacteria. In conclusion, the application rate of Bacillus subtilis was 3 g/kg, which had the most significant promoting effect on the growth of winter Wheat under salt stress.