大载荷无人直升机静电喷雾沉积特性试验研究

为探索在大载荷植保无人直升机下洗气流作用下各因素对静电喷雾沉积特性的影响规律,将正交试验与Box-Behnken响应面试验相结合,在定性分析的基础上,建立起沉积特性参数与荷电电压、飞行参数等影响因素之间的数学预测模型,定量地分析了各因素对沉积特性的影响.结果表明:大载荷无人直升机静电喷雾沉积特性受施药过程中荷电电压和飞行参数的影响显著.雾滴单位面积沉积量与荷电电压成正相关,与飞行速度、飞行高度成负相关.相同飞行参数下(飞行速度5m/s、飞行高度4m),荷电电压8kV的静电喷雾单位面积沉积量为0.3180μL/cm²,比非静电喷雾单位面积沉积量提高了1.17倍.与此同时,沉积量变异系数与飞行速度成正相关,与荷电电压、飞行高度成负相关,即增加荷电电压、降低飞行速度或者提高飞行高度能有效改善雾滴的沉积均匀性.

Experimental study on electrostatic spray deposition characteristics of large-load UAV

In order to explore the influence of various factors on the deposition characteristics of electrostatic spray under the downward washing airflow of a large-load UAV, the Box-Behnken experiment was combined with the orthogonal experiment in this paper. On the basis of qualitative analysis, the mathematical prediction model between deposition characteristic parameters and charged voltage, flight parameters is established. The results showed that the electrostatic spray deposition characteristics of large-load UAV are significantly affected by the charged voltage and flight parameters in the spraying process. The deposition density is positively correlated with the charged voltage, but negatively correlated with flight velocity and flight height. Under the same flight parameters(flight velocity 5 m/s, flight height 4 m), the deposition density of the electrostatic spray under the charged voltage 8kV is 0.318 0 μL/cm², which is 1.17 times more than that of non-electrostatic spy. At the same time, the deposition density variation coefficient is positively correlated with flight velocity and negatively correlated with charge voltage and flight altitude. It means that the deposition uniformity is improved with the increase of the charged voltage, the decrease of flight velocity or the increase of flight height.