贵州农业灌溉用水定额修编实践

基于2011版贵州省行业用水定额,结合当前及未来一段时间区域内农业经济发展水平和态势、涉水相关规程规范对水利工程供水保证率的要求,对灌溉定额和灌溉用水定额内涵进行明确区分;综合贵州省内气候资源和农作物种植布局,依托贵州省内灌溉试验站点、气象监测站点以及农业园区科研试验平台,借助系列气象、水文参数,优化典型区,选定主要作物,分析不同设计灌溉供水保证率条件下主要作物的灌溉制度,给出了主要作物灌溉附加用水定额,推求相应的基本灌溉用水定额;此外,考虑参照条件和不同工程类型、取水方式、灌区规模等因素对理论成果进行了修正。结果表明,修编《定额》在覆盖性、合理性、实用性和先进性等方面均有较显著改善。另一方面,鉴于现状条件诸多约束和农业产业布局等要素变化,《定额》仍存在较多优化空间,今后适时修订仍是必要的。

Reallocating Water Resources for Irrigation in Guizhou Province: Methodo and Experiences

Based on the Relocation of Water Resources for Agriculture in Guizhou Province drafted in 2011, we revised the quota of water for irrigation in the provinceby considering regional variation in agricultural andeco-nomic development, as well as the regulations and requirements to meet the current and future demand for water resource. The analysis was based on the climate data and planed cropping, using data measured from irrigation ex-perimental stations, weather monitoring stations. We calculated the scientific research platforms of agricultural, with the help of a series of meteorological and hydrological parameters, the typical areas and main crops has been optimized, and irrigation regime of typical crops under different dependability of irrigation has been analyzed, at the same time, the additional water quota of main crops have been given, and the reference quota of irrigation wa-ter has been calculated and modified based on the factors which including project type, water intakes mode, irriga-tion scale, and the regression connotation of quota of irrigation water was better. Deeper research showed that the coverage, rational, advanced and progressive of the conclusion has been improved obviously. More importantly, it is still necessary to revise the result at the right moment because of the current limitation and transformation of the layout of the agricultural.