滴灌施肥对加工番茄产量和品质的影响

为了寻求滴灌施肥条件下连作加工番茄持续优质高产平衡施肥方案,以番茄为材料,采用"3414"优化试验方法,分析了滴灌平衡施肥对加工番茄生长发育、产量和品质的影响。结果表明,滴灌施肥条件下,增施氮、磷、钾肥和配施微肥明显促进番茄生长发育;增磷和配施微肥显著提高产投比,实现增收;增氮、增钾的增产效果不显著,但减氮、减钾显著降低了产量;增钾、配施微肥显著提高加工番茄品质,尤其在提高番茄糖酸比,降低硝酸盐量积累,促进可溶性固形物的形成及改良色差等方面成效显著。滴灌施肥条件下,增施磷、钾肥,配施微肥对连作加工番茄具有显著的增产提质作用。

Effect of Fertilization Coupled with Drip Irrigation on Yield and Quality of Processing Tomato

This paper experimentally studied the efficacy of integrating fertilization with drip irrigation for improving the quality and yield of processing tomato based on the optimization method "3414" in an attempt to find an optimal irrigation and fertilization combination to sustain the tomato production.The results showed that increasing the application of macronutrients nitrogen (N),phosphorus (P),potassium (K) and micronutrients (MN)could significantly bolster tomato growth.Increasing P application alone together with MN considerably enhanced the investment-return ratio,while increasing N and K had no significant effect on tomato production.Meanwhile,reducing N and P resulted in a reduction in yield.It was also found that increasing K and MN improved food quality by,example,increasing sugar-acid ratio,reducing nitrate accumulation,promoting soluble solid formation and contrasting color difference in the fruit.In summary,increasing P and K and MN under drip irrigation could significantly improvefruit yield and quality.