不同水源磁化处理对生菜光合和矿质元素及产量的影响

【目的】探究不同水源磁化处理对生菜光合特性等生理生化和产量的影响。【方法】在日光温室条件下,以意大利生菜为供试对象,采用随机区组设计,设置2个因素:磁化(M)和灌溉水源(T),磁化设置未磁化处理(M0)和磁化处理(M1)2个水平,灌溉水源设置淡水(T1)、再生水(T2)、微咸水(T3)3个水平,共6个处理。通过盆栽试验研究了3种水源磁化处理对生菜净光合速率、抗氧化酶活性、矿质元素及产量等的影响。【结果】不同水源磁化处理灌溉效果有所差异。生长中期,M1T1、M1T2处理分别较M0T1、M0T2处理的净光合速率显著提高11.16%、14.73%。3种水源磁化处理灌溉的超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶活性显著提高12.77%~23.09%。M1T1、M1T2处理分别较M0T1、M0T2处理的生菜叶片氮质量分数显著提高7.71%、6.83%,生菜产量分别显著提高9.42%、10.15%,但M1T3与M0T3处理的生菜产量无显著差异。不同水源磁化处理的生菜叶片P、Ca、Mg、Na、K质量分数有不同程度的提高,水分利用效率提高5.03%~11.65%。【结论】磁化水灌溉有利于生菜光合等生理生化活动,提高产量和水分利用效率,淡水和再生水磁化效果优于微咸水。

Effects of Magnetization Irrigation on Photosynthesis,Mineral Elements and Yield of Lettuce Vary with Water Sources

【Background and Objective】Magnetizing the water prior to irrigation is a new technology developed over the past decades in China.The objective of this paper is to investigate how different irrigation water sources alter the effects of the magnetization on photosynthesis,physiological and biochemical characteristics,as well as the yield of lettuce.【Method】The experiment was conducted in a solar greenhouse with the Italian lettuce taken as the model plant.It consisted of non-magnetization(M0)and magnetization(M1);added to these are three irrigation water sources:fresh water(T1),reclaimed water(T2)and saline water(T3).Overall,there were six treatments which were arranged in the greenhouse by a randomized block design.For each treatment,we measured the net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,antioxidant enzyme activity,mineral element,yield and water use efficiency of the lettuce.【Result】Effects of the three water sources after magnetization on crop growth were different.For a given water source,there was no significant difference in the net photosynthetic rate between magnetization and non-magnetization in the early and late growth stage,but in the middle growth stage the magnetized fresh water and the reclaimed water increased the net photosynthetic rate of the crop by 11.16%and 14.73%,respectively.Saline water irrigation reduced the net photosynthetic rate at significant level,and there was no significant difference in net photosynthetic rate between the fresh water and reclaimed water irrigation.Magnetizing the fresh water,reclaimed and saline water increased the transpiration rate,despite not at significant,but they significantly boosted the activities of SOD by 18.08%,12.77%and 14.68%respectively,the activities of POD by 20.97%,18.14%and 16.99%respectively,and the activities of CAT by 22.54%,23.09%and 18.55%respectively.In the meantime,magnetizing the fresh water and the reclaimed water increased the total nitrogen in the lettuce leaves by 7.71%and 6.83%,respectively.Magnetization also alteredthe content of P,Ca,Mg,Na and K in the leaves,with the alterations varying with water sources.For yield,magnetizing the fresh and the reclaimed water increased the yield by 9.42%and 10.15%at significant level,respectively,magnetizing the saline water did not lead to a noticeable change in the yield.M1T1 was most effective in improving yield and the above-ground dry mass,whereas M0T3 was the least effective.Compared with M0T3,M1T1 increased the yield and the above-ground dry mass by 33.44%and 31.29%,respectively.Depending on water sources,magnetization could also increase water use efficiency by 5.03%~11.65%.【Conclusion】Magnetizing the water in irrigating lettuce was beneficial to its physiological and biochemical activities such as photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activity,thereby increasing yield and water use efficiency.But the improvement depends on water sources.In our study,magnetizing the fresh water and the reclaimed water was more effective than the saline water.