新疆盐碱地长期利用盐水灌溉土壤盐分变化

在地下水位3～5m、壤质土壤条件下,利用盐碱地时用2～5g/L盐化水灌溉,土壤1m剖面均为脱盐状况。灌溉盐化水15年后,1m土壤残留阴离子浓度较小,多点平均为3.709毫克当量/100克土。其中HCO-3相对较多,1m多点平均为0.404毫克当量/100克土。K++Na+浓度很大,1m多点平均为2.492毫克当量/100克土。这时,土壤1m全盐多点平均为0.248%,在灌溉水矿化度不直接危害作物生长时,不影响耕作和作物正常生长。由此可见,盐化水在盐碱地上无排灌溉,是可行的。

Salinity Changes for Long-term Irrigation of Saline Water in Saline Soil in Xinjiang

The saline water irrigation is important pathway to improve the production potential in agriculture region of lack water resource. The cultivation was completely irrigated, the area threaten by salinization is one third of total cultivation, in Xinjiang. So, it will be important action to using the saline water in the saline soil for the improving of the agriculture production. The article be produced through long-term irrigation of saline water in saline soil, field experimentation of Fukang, C.A.S. it display that soil is intensively desalinization at 1 m depth for 2～5 g/L saline water irrigation in area of 3～5 m depth of the groundwater, the silt loam soil. The soil concentration is less through irrigating for 15 years with saline water. The anion/cation is 37 meq/kg at the moment, 0.248% salinity of weight ratio compare with soil in soil layer of 1m. The HCO~-_3 and K~++Na~+ is correspondingly more, respectively 4, 25 meq/kg of average in soil layer of 1m. Nevertheless, the soil salinity did not affect the crop cultivating and growth. So, It is feasible to irrigate the saline soil with saline water without drainage in Xinjiang.