不同微灌方式下水分调控对猕猴桃光合特性及产量的影响

【目的】为了研究不同微灌方式下水分调控对猕猴桃叶片光合特性及产量的影响,以"翠玉"猕猴桃为研究试材。【方法】采用小管出流(X)、微喷灌(P)和滴灌(D)3种灌溉方式在猕猴桃全生育期实施85%灌水量的轻度亏水(LD)、70%灌水量的中度亏水(MD1)、55%灌水量的偏重度亏水(MD2)和40%灌水量的重度亏水(SD)处理,并设置100%灌水量的对照组(CK),研究了猕猴桃叶片胞间CO2摩尔分数(Ci)、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、羧化速率(CE)、瞬时水分利用效率(WUEi)、产量及产量水分利用效率(WUEET)在不同水分亏缺下的变化。【结果】与CK相比,D-MD1处理的日均WUEi及CE分别提高了8.5%和2.7%。P-MD1处理的日均Pn与CE较CK分别提高了10.7%和10.4%,X-MD1处理的日均Ci、Pn、CE较CK分别提高了10.9%、12.2%和11.4%。D、P和X三个处理的WUEET均较CK有不同程度的提高,但D、P和X的产量随着水分的亏缺程度的加大而下降,而滴灌各处理间无显著性差异。与CK相比D-MD1、P-MD1、X-MD1处理的产量分别提高了1.4%、1.6%、2.3%,重度亏水处理的产量显著低于其余水分处理,且其他各处理间无显著性差异。MD1处理在不降低产量的情况下,可以节约灌水同时提高WUEET,重度亏水与偏中度亏水间在WUEET无显著性差异,同时X-MD1的产量均高于其他处理。【结论】X-MD1处理是"翠玉"猕猴桃较为合适的灌溉水分亏缺模式。

Effects of Water Regulation on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Kiwifruit Leaves under Different Micro-irrigation Methods

【Objective】The purpose of this study is to investigate the different ways of micro-irrigation under the influence of moisture regulation of kiwi fruit leaf photosynthetic characteristics and yield.【Method】 With "jade" kiwi fruit as the research material, using small pipe flow(X), micro sprinkler irrigation(P)and drip irrigation(D) three irrigation methods in kiwi 85% implementation of irrigation water in the whole stages of mild water deficit(LD), 70% of moderate water deficit irrigation water(MD1), 55% of irrigation water on the degree of water deficit(MD2) and 40% of severe water deficit irrigation water(SD), and set up the 100% of irrigation water control(CK), the changes of intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci), net photosynthetic rate(Pn), stomatal conductance(Gs), transpiration rate(Tr), carboxylation rate(CE), instantaneous water use efficiency(WUEi), yield and water use efficiency(WUEET) of kiwifruit leaves under different water deficit were studied. 【Result】Compared with CK, the average daily WUEi and CE of d-md1 improved by 8.5% and 2.7%, respectively. The average daily Pn and CE of P-DM1 increased by 10.7% and 10.4%, respectively, compared with CK. The average daily Ci, Pn and CE of X-MD1 increased by 10.9%, 12.2% and 11.4%, respectively, compared with CK. WUEET of D, P and X3 treatments all improved to different degrees compared with CK, but the yield of D, P and X decreased with the increase of water deficit, while there was no significant difference among drip irrigation treatments. Compared with CK, the yield of D-MD1, P-MD1 and X-MD1 increased by 1.4%, 1.6% and 2.3%, respectively. The yield of severely deficient water treatment was significantly lower than that of other water treatments, and there was no significant difference among other treatments.【Conclusion】MD1 can save irrigation water and increase WUEET without reducing the yield. There is no significant difference between severe and moderate water deficit in WUEET, and the yield of X-MD1 is higher than that of other treatments. Therefore, X-MD1 is a more suitable irrigation water deficit model for kiwifruit of "jade".