气候变化对黑河流域典型作物灌溉需水量的影响

为研究气候变化对作物灌溉需水量的影响,在假定未来气温上升0.5~4℃,降水增加10%~30%的条件下,研究了黑河流域主要作物在不同种植条件下的作物需水量及灌溉需水量的变化。结果表明,生长期内气温每升高1℃,区域内小麦净作、玉米净作和小麦与玉米间作方式下作物需水量将分别增加3.1%(15.5 mm)、2.8%(18.5 mm)和3.0%(25.6 mm),黑河流域中游每年将增加灌溉量0.15×108m3,相当于国家给黑河干流区分水量的2.4%;降水每增加10%,灌溉需水量将分别减少1.9%(7.8 mm)2、.3%(12.4 mm)和1.8%(12.8 mm)。

Impact of Climate Change on Irrigation Water Requirement of Typical Crops in Arid Irrigation Areas in China

To assess the impact of climate change on crop and irrigation water requirement,a study of typical crops under different planting systems was carried out under given scenarios in the middle reach of Heihe River basin.The results showed that the crop water requirement under the planting systems of spring wheat,maize,intercropping of spring wheat and maize would increase by 3.1%(15.5 mm),2.8%(18.5 mm) and 3.0%(25.6 mm),respectively,if 1 ℃ increase happened in this area.That is to say,an added irrigation water amount of 0.15×108 m3,equilibrium of 2.4% of the total irrigation water distributed to the main stream of Heihe River basin,had to be consumed.If the precipitation rose by 10%,a result was also obtained that the crop water requirement of spring wheat,maize,intercropping of spring wheat and maize would decrease 1.9%(7.8 mm),2.3%(12.4 mm) and 1.8%(12.8 mm),respectively.