内蒙古河套灌区咸水灌溉的环境效应分析

研究了咸水灌溉对土壤水盐动态、地下水位、地下水质、作物生长及产量的影响。灌溉水源为黄河水和高矿化度地下水混合。咸水灌溉期间,土壤盐分有所增加,通过控制咸水灌溉定额,以及进行合理的黄河水秋浇灌溉,可以达到年度内土壤盐分动态平衡。咸水灌溉条件下,作物长势及产量基本不受影响。适宜合理的咸水灌溉不会造成环境恶化,而且对缓解河套灌区水资源紧张的矛盾有着重要意义。

Study on Environment Effects of Saline Water Irrigation in Inner Mongolia Hetao Irrigation Districts

This paper studies the influence on dynamic state of soil water salt, groundwater table, groundwater quality, crop growing and yield generated by saline water irrigation. The water source of irrigation is the mix of the water from Yellow River and high salinity groundwater. During the saline water irrigation, soil salinity increase. Trough controlling the saline irrigation norm, and reasonably autumn irrigation using Yellow River water, the soil salinity can reach the dynamic balance annually. In our experiment, under the condition of saline water irrigation, the crop growing and crop yield does not be influenced. Saline water irrigation does not lead to environment deterioration, and can also relax the shortage of the water resource in the Hetao irrigation districts.