不同灌溉方式的水稻生理效应研究

通过常规淹灌、垄作浸润、控水湿润和间歇灌溉等不同灌溉方式对水稻生理效应的研究表明:垄作浸润和控水湿润灌溉的叶片相对含水量较高。垄作浸润和控水湿灌溉既能减少上位叶(倒一、二叶)的叶绿素、全氮量,防止贪青徒长,又能延缓下位叶(倒三、四叶)的衰老,增加光合作用源的功能时间,同时垄作浸润和控水湿润灌溉的水稻叶片有较高的净光合率(NPR)和气孔导度(CS),增强了光合作用源的强度。节水灌溉能提高根系活力,较好地协调水稻高产与根系早衰之间的矛盾。可见垄作浸润和控水湿润灌溉的水稻具有更好的水分代谢和光合素质。

Study on Physiological Effects of Different Irrigation Methods of Rice

Simulation experiments was conducted from 1988 to 1989 including four irrigation methods:conventional sub- mergence irrigation (CK),ridge culture with infiltration (RCWI),controlled moist condition (CMCI) irrigation and spasmodic irrigation (SI). It had been proved:the relative water content (RWC) of leaves expecially of rate of free wa- ter to total water content under RCWI and CMCI treatments were significantly higher than that of CK. RCWI and CMCI treatments not only reduced the contents of chlorophyll and total nitrogen of upper leaves (reciprocial first and second leaves) so that the spindling of rice was controlled effectively, but also retarted the senescence of lower leaves (reciprocial third and forth leaves) and increased the functional time of photosynthetic source. At the same time, RCWI and CMCI treatments resulted in higher net photosynthetic rate (NPR) and stomatal conductance (CS) ,as a result, intersity of pho- tosynthetic source was enhanced. Saving water irrigation could increase root activity and coordinate contradiction between high yield and earlier senescence of roots. Those were showed that rice Under RCWI and CMCI treatments had better in- dexes of water and photosynthetic physiology.