大田土壤间歇入渗试验方法及其精度提高措施

间歇灌,又称波涌灌,这种新的地面节水灌水技术的出现,使土壤入渗规律的研究分为土壤连续入渗规律和间歇入渗规律两方面的研究。间歇入渗条件下,土壤入渗规律除受连续入渗的影响因素制约外,还受构成其特殊灌水过程的灌水技术参数的影响。影响因素的增加,加之野外土壤条件的时、空变异性,决定了间歇入渗试验工作量大,且具有更大的复杂性。为提高成果精度和工作效率,笔者根据1991年冬季和1992年春季在陕西关中宝鸡峡灌区灌溉试验站进行的141组一维土壤连续和间歇单点入渗试验实践,介绍了用双套环入渗仪进行单点间歇入渗试验的方法,提出了提高土壤间歇入渗试验精度的可行措施,可供参考。

On the Experiment Method of Field Soil the Intermittent Infiltration and Measures for Enhancing the Experiment Precision

The study of soil infiltration law can be divided into two studies of the continue and the intermittent soil in- filtration laws as the new water saving irrigation techniques appearance of intermittent or surge flow irrigation. The soil infiltration law is also effected by the irrigation technique parameters except the constraint factors of the continue infil- tration in the intermittent infiltration condition. The large amount of experiments and more complex can be formed by the factors increasing and the space and time variation of the field soil in the intermittent infiltration. For the reasons of enhancing the results precision and working efficiency, the single point infiltration experiment of the double rings infil- tration device has been introduced by the author according to the 141 set experiments of single point continue and inter- mittent soil infiltration in the Baojixia irrigation district in the period of 1991 winter to 1992 spring. The feasible mea- sures for enhancing the precision of soil intermittent infiltration experiment has also been developed for reference.