自动采棉机表面几何特性与数控加工技术分析

为进一步提高自动采棉机各部件加工与装配精度,实现采棉机作业效率与作业寿命的提升,以自动采棉机的组成结构及作业原理为基础,针对表面几何特性与数控加工技术进行分析。依据自动采摘机实际作业过程中出现的摘锭磨损等故障,给出自动采棉机零部件的数控加工工序模型,运用UG软件三维建模同时进行层次化的加工工艺流程设计及走刀算法优化。以自动采棉机核心部件数控加工系统结构为基准,给定准确的数控代码与加工控制信息,经余量优化误差补偿完成一次加工设计,在特定的虚拟加工环境下进行数控加工仿真试验,结果表明:融入了多规则加工技术核心算法,该型采棉机核心部件的加工误差整体得到降低,且平均提升效果达81.76%,其中锥面长度的加工误差提升效果最好,可达84.42%。该试验分析可为自动采棉机的整机发展提供一定优化思路,具有很好的推广意义。

Analysis of Surface Geometric Characteristics and NC Processing Technology of the Automatic Cotton Picker

In order to further improve the accuracy of processing and assembling parts of the automatic cotton picker and to improve the working efficiency and life of the machine,the surface geometric characteristics and NC processing technology were analyzed on the basis of the structure and working principle of the automatic cotton picker.According to the spindle abrasion and other faults occurring in the actual operation of the automatic cotton picker,the CNC processing process model of the parts of the automatic cotton picker was given.The three-dimensional modeling was made by using UG software and the hierarchical process design and the optimization of the tool-taking algorithm were carried out simultaneously.Based on the structure of the CNC processing system of the core component of the automatic cotton picker,the accurate CNC code and processing control information were given.After error compensation of margin optimization,a processing design was completed and numerical control machining simulation experiments were carried out in a specific virtual processing environment.The results showed that the processing error of the core components of the cotton picker was reduced by incorporating the core algorithm of multi-rule processing technology,and the average lifting effect was 81.76%.Among them,the processing error of taper length was the best,reaching to 84.42%.The test and analysis would provide some optimum ideas for the development of automatic cotton picker,and would be a good significance for popularization.