收获期花椒的力学特性与形态特征测定与分析

我国花椒的收获主要以人工收获为主。随着社会的发展,花椒市场需求不断扩大,迫切需要解决花椒收获效率低下的问题。因此,花椒收获机械化已成为椒农的心声,研究分析收获期花椒的力学特性可以为花椒收获机械的设计者提供必须的基础理论数据。因花椒在品种、气候条件、土壤及其他方面的差异,其力学特性会有较大的差别。为此,通过陕西省韩城市收获期花椒的实验室测定,采用图像解析和数理统计方法对收获期花椒的力学特性进行分析,得出了花椒主要几何特性指标值的变化区间,并统计分析了花椒果实与果柄及果柄与树枝之间的分离力以及花椒果实的颜色特征,为花椒的收获和加工机器系统的开发提供科学依据。

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Zanthoxylum at Harvest Time

China is main and biggest planting area of Zanthoxylum , and reached 1.67×106 hm2 in 2008.Harvesting of Zanthoxylum is mainly based on manual picking which is conflicting with rapidly increasing labor cost and labor shortage in farming .Therefore , it is very important to study mechanized harvesting technologies to improve the harvesting efficien -cy and promote the development of Chinese Zanthoxylum industry .Study of the mechanical characteristics of the harvest period can provide basic theoretical data for designing Zanthoxylum harvesting machinery .Since the differences of Zan-thoxylum in the variety , soil conditions , climate and other aspects , the material properties of Zanthoxylum are also differ-ent .Therefore , through the laboratory determination of Zanthoxylum fruit from Hancheng city of Shaanxi province , the mechanical properties of Zanthoxylum were analyzed by image analysis and mathematical statistics .Geometric characteris-tic , separation force between fruit and stalk , and separation force between stalk and branches , as well as the color char-acteristics of Zanthoxylum fruit were studied .It was found that the separation force between fruit and stalk was significant-ly smaller than that between stalk and branch .And the fruit size was uniform .This study will provide a scientific basis for the development of the machine .Our hope is that this work will spark the renewal of a research or development process which will move the technology another step forward .