垄作免耕技术及机具的研究进展

保护性耕作可以减少土壤风蚀与水蚀,提高作物产量,是发展旱作农业的重要措施。推广保护性耕作必须结合不同地域的气候特点及种植制度,形成具有区域特色的保护性耕作技术体系。垄作免耕技术对东北地区发展保护性耕作具有重要意义。为此,列举了几种垄作免耕技术模式,对其优缺点进行了分析,比较了几种垄作免耕播种机的破茬原理,指出了机具的研究重点应放在开发动土量少和功耗小的破茬部件上,以提高免耕播种机的通过性和作业质量。

Review of Research on Technologies and Instruments of Ridge No-tillage

Conservation tillage can reduce wind and water erosion on soil,increase the crop yield and has become an important method of developing drought farm.Technological systems with regional characteristics should be formed according to climate conditions and cropping systems in different regions.Ridge no-tillage technologies are significant to develop conservation tillage in northeast China.Several models and their relative merits were analyzed and the stubble cutting theories of different ridge no-tillage planters were compared.The emphases of developing instruments should be put on stubble cutting attachments with low soil disturbance and power consumption in order to improve passing performance and planting quality.