基于生物质原料的二氧化碳施肥器效果试验

针对温室作物秋冬季节CO2气肥严重不足的问题,设计了适用于普通温室大棚的基于生物质原料发酵的二氧化碳施肥器。采用作物秸秆在好氧发酵作用下进行发酵,制取二氧化碳。同时,采用合理的自动控制策略,获取生物质发酵过程中适宜的温度及水分等条件,并试验研究了生物质发酵制取CO2的最佳条件,验证了该施肥器用于温室补施二氧化碳的可行性。试验结果表明:利用秸秆等农作物废弃物(秸秆+好氧发酵菌)生物发酵产生CO2的最佳条件为:温度45℃、含水量为70%、初始碳氮比为40:1,产气速率最快;碳氮比对CO2的释放影响最大,温度影响次之,含水量影响最小;在此条件下一次上料可以连续12天让面积120m2的温室CO2浓度保持在1 200×10-6以上,满足温室使用需求。

Effect Test of Biomass Carbon Dioxide Fertilizer Application

For serious shortage of CO 2 fertilizer in greenhouses in autumn and winter , a CO2 fertilizer generator was de-signed.CO2 was produced by crop straws aerobic fermentation .Meanwhile the suitable temperature and moisture for bio-mass fermentation were maintained by using reasonable automatic control strategy .The optimum conditions for CO 2 pro-duced were studied , and the feasibility of the application in greenhouses was verified .The results showed that , the opti-mum conditions for the CO 2 production by aerobic fermentation of crop straws and other agricultural wastes ( crop straws +aerobic fermentation bacteria ) were as follows:temperature of 45℃, 70%of water content , 40:1 of initial carbon nitro-gen ratio .The carbon nitrogen ratio was the most important factor , following by temperature , and crop straws water con-tent.For a 200m2 greenhouse, CO2 concentration could be maintained at 1200ppm during 12 days, which was meet the demand of greenhouse .