玉米根茬挖切装置功耗影响因素试验研究

针对秸秆还田机对根茬处理效果较差、功率损耗较大等问题,提出了一种安装在玉米秸秆还田机上的玉米根茬挖切装置。以刀轴转速、台车前进速度、挖茬深度为因素,挖茬功耗为指标,运用二次回归正交旋转试验方法安排试验,建立了挖茬功耗与各影响因素之间的回归数学模型。通过Design-Expert 8.0软件对试验参数进行优化,确定刀轴转速640r/min,台车前进速度1.2m/s,挖茬深度31mm为最佳参数组合,此时玉米根茬挖切装置的挖茬功耗为615W,表明该组合下试验误差较小。同时,对刀轴转速做了单因素试验,用Origin 8.0进行数据拟合并绘图,计算显示:固定挖茬深度为31mm、台车前进速度为1.2m/s条件下,完成根茬挖切作业的最低刀轴转速为626r/min。

Experiment of Influencing Factors of Power Consumption on the Digging and Cutting Corn Rootstalks in Soil-bin

Based on the problem of poor effect for corn rootstalk and the large loss of power , a new device for digging corn rootstalk was proposed by corn straw returning machine .The two times orthogonal rotational regressive tests were de-signed in the experiment .The rotating speed of the blade shaft , the forward speed and the digging depth were defined as input parameters , the power consumption of digging and the percent of pass of digging corn root stalk were defined as out -put parameters .The regression mathematics models between output parameters and input parameters were established and then parameters were optimized through Design –Expert 8 .0 .The analysis indicated that the regression equation can fit the test effect of real situation better .In order to react the influence of various factors for the power consumption of dig-ging more intuitively and clearly , the response surface and contour map of the quadratic regression equation were plotted with Design–Expert 8 .0 .According to response surface plots of each factor , the digging depth of blades has greater in-fluence than the rotating speed of the blade shaft of the digging mechanism , and the forward speed had least influence on the power consumption .The resistance of the blades when graving was the main reason of influencing the power consump -tion.The optimal combination was that the rotating speed of 640r/min, the forward speed of 1.2m/s, and the digging depth of 31 mm, at that time the power consumption of 615W.Confirmatory tests showed that the inaccuracy was little , so the optimization results can be used as the optimal parameter combination .The digging depth of 31 mm was in line with expectations relatively .So in this time under the condition of 100%percent of pass of digging , single factor experi-ment was conducted on rotating speed under fixed forward speed of 1.2 m/s and digging depth of 31 mm.The drawing was plotted and the data was fitted by Origin software .The computation indicated the lowest value of rotating speed for finishing rootstalk digging work was 626 r/min under fixed forward speed of 1.2m/s and digging depth of 31 mm.The broken corn rootstalk can not only be conducive to rot but protect soil structure .