果树专用饼状缓释肥递肥机构设计与优化

针对现代果园生产过程中出现的化肥施用不当、浪费资源、污染环境等问题,提出果园缓释肥施肥方法。缓释肥料由于肥力释放速率、方式和持续时间已知并可控制而被推广,发展潜力大,但目前缓释肥施肥以手工施肥为主,劳动强度大,作业效率低。为解决这些问题,提出了一种缓释肥施肥机凸轮递肥机构。该机构由单片机、步进电机、凸轮、推杆及递肥盒构成,实现可控单一递肥。基于碰撞函数接触算法(IMPACT-Functionbased Contact)对不同基圆半径R的凸轮进行仿真,通过对凸轮递肥机构的仿真试验,获取凸轮机构与推杆机构之间的接触力数据及推杆运动时的加速度和速度数据。通过对所得数据进行分析,优化凸轮基圆半径,结果表明:当基圆半径为105mm时,不仅可以减少材料成本,而且凸轮与推杆之间的挤压与接触力、推杆运动的加速度和速度在要求范围内实现多目标最优。

The Structure Design and Optimization of the Fattening Structure of the Fruit tree Special Cake-like slow Release Fertilizer

In view of the problems in the process of modern orchard production such as improper application of chemical fertilizer, waste of resources and pollution of environment, the applying slow-release fertilizer in orchard has been put forward. The release rate, mode and duration of slow-release fertilizer can be controlled with great potential for development. However, presently, the main mode of slow release fertilizer is artificial fertilization, with great labor intensity and low operation efficiency. In order to solve the above problems and realize mechanized fertilization of slow-release fertilizer , a slow-release fertilizer applicator is proposed in this paper, which is composed of single chip, stepping motor, cam, push rod and fertilizer delivering box. The slow-release fertilizer applicator can control single delivery of fertilizer. The simulation experiments of cam with different base circle radius is based on IMPACT-Function-based contact, which are simulated by simulation test of the cam mechanism of the delivery of fertilizer to acquire the contact force between the cam of the push rod mechanism. By analyzing the data, it can be concluded that when the radius of base circle is 105mm not only can reduce the material cost, but also the extrusion and contact force between the cam and the push rod extrusion is least.