籽用瓜联合收获机捡拾器试验研究

为提高籽瓜机械化收获作业质量,满足农艺要求,改进设计了籽瓜联合收获机的捡拾器,阐述分析了捡拾器总体结构及工作原理,优化了活动机架底板、捡拾弹齿和弹齿座杆总成结构参数。为研究捡拾器最佳工作参数,以行走速度、捡拾装置转速和座杆间距为试验因素,捡拾破损率和漏捡率为试验指标,进行了三因素三水平的正交试验,通过极差分析找出各性能指标影响因素的主次顺序和较优组合。试验结果表明:当行驶速度为1.5 km/h、捡拾装置转速为1 5 0 r/min、座杆间距为5 0 8.0 mm时,捡拾作业性能最优,其捡拾破损率为6.7%,漏捡率为3.2%。田间适应性收获试验表明:捡拾器对不同大小类型籽瓜品种均具有良好的适应性。

Optimized Design and Experiment on Collecting Device of Combine-harvesters for Seed Watermelon

In order to meet the requirements of agriculture demands and improve the harvesting quality of seed watermelon,a kind of pick-up device of combine-harvesters for seed watermelon.The overall structure and working principle of pick-up device were illustrated and analyzed.The optimal design o structural parameters of key components was conducted,such as the base of mobile fram,pick-up spring tooth and seatpost for spring tooth assembly.To improve the working performance of the pick-up device,obtain the best operation parameters, the three factors three levels orthogonal experiment was carried out with walking velocity on combine,the rotational speed of pick-up unit and spacing of seatpost as the experiment factors and the damage rate of picking index,the missing rate index as the experimental indexes. By the Range analysis, the order and the optimal combination of performance were defined. The results showed that as the walking velocity on combine was 1.5km/h, the rotational speed of pick-up unit was 150r/min,the spacing of seatpost was 508.0mm,and the damage rate of picking index was6.7%,the missing rate index was 3.2%.On the basis,the performance of pick-up was the best.The results can provide the guidance and direction for the research of combine-harvesters for seed watermelon and its key parts.