荷电电压、介质物性对静电雾化特征的影响

在毛细管-环状感应电极下,对多种介质在高压静电场中的静电雾化特性进行了试验研究.利用微量注射泵（ATI Orion M361）控制每次试验雾化溶液的流量,用高压发生器及电压读数仪（Q3-V型）准确控制所加的荷电电压,在不同电压下,研究了介质物性（电导率、黏度、表面张力）对液滴荷质比产生的影响,并深入分析了荷电电压、介质的物性参数对液滴荷质比的影响规律.结果表明：微流量情况下,在达到瑞利极限之前,不同液滴的荷质比在一定电压范围内随电压的升高而增大,并近似呈线性增长关系.介质的电导率是影响液滴荷质比的重要因素,电导率越大,荷质比随荷电电压增大得越快,但5%NaCl溶液与水的电导率相差近200倍,测得的荷质比却相差很小,说明当介质的电导率较小时,荷电电压对液滴荷质比起主导作用.介质的黏度对液滴的荷电能力有明显的抑制作用,而表面张力与液滴荷质比呈正比关系.

Effects of liquid properties on electrostatic spray characteristics

Experimental investigation was performed for electrostatic spray of several spray liquids un- der capillary-annular electrode configuration. The effects of the material properties of the spray liquids and electrode voltage on electrostatic spraying were analyzed through the working parameters of charge- mass-ratio（CMR）. Experiments show that in the case of micro-flow rate ranges, there is almost a linear growth of the applied voltage and the CMR before Rayleigh limit within the right voltage range. Spray liquid electrical conductivity has a great influence on the charge-mass-ratio, the higher the spray liquid electrical conductivity is, the faster the CMR of drops with the electrode voltage increases, and when it is lower, the applied voltage plays a leading role on the CMR. The CMR response is inversely proportional to spray liquid viscosity but proportional to spray liquid surface tension.