岷江中上游及青衣江流域分布式水循环模拟研究

将分布式水循环模拟技术和现代地理信息技术技术,应用到流域水循环模拟中,开发了岷江中上游及青衣江流域的分布式水循环模拟模型,以期为流域水循环演变规律的系统揭示和区域水资源的综合调控提供技术支撑。模型原型为具有自主知识产权、且在国内得到广泛应用的分布式水循环模拟模型(WEP模型)。研究中采用的基本计算单元为5 km×5 km的正方形网格单元,并采用Masic法进一步表征基本计算单元内下垫面及水循环过程的分异。模拟结果表明,模型具有较高的模拟精度,关键控制站月径流过程模拟的相对误差在5%以内,Nash效率达到0.72以上。模型还可进一步输出各计算单元上水分、能量要素过程,可为区域水土资源开发和综合环境整治宏观战略的制定提供技术支撑。

Simulation of Distributed Hydrological Cycle Model in Minjiang Upriver and Qingyijiang River Basin

Through applying the distributed hydrological cycle simulation technology and GIS,the distributed hydrological cycle simulation model for Minjiang upriver and Qingyijiang river basin is developed in this paper in order to provide technical support for the research on the change law of basin hydrological cycle and comprehensive control of regional water resources.According to the WEP model,which has independent intellectual property and is widely used in China,the basic calculation unit is foursquare grid unit of 5km multiply 5km,the Masic method is applied to denote the differentiation of underlying surfaces and the hydrological cycle process in basic calculation unit.The simulation result shows that the model has better precision,the relative error of monthly runoff process simulation result of key station is less than 5%,and the Nash efficiency is above 0.72.Moreover,the model can export the change process of water and energy in each calculation unit.This will supply technical support for the decision of the macro-strategy for the regional water-land resources development and comprehensive environment control.