基于微润灌溉大棚番茄对施肥运筹的响应

为探究微润灌溉下不同施肥运筹对大棚番茄生长的影响,将番茄定植于大棚内的种植箱中,设置施肥浓度分别为200 mg/L(N1:全生育期浓度为200 mg/L)、200~400 mg/L(N2:苗期浓度为200 mg/L,结果期、成熟期为400 mg/L)、400 mg/L(N3:全生育期浓度为400 mg/L)、400~800 mg/L(N4:苗期浓度为400 mg/L,结果期、成熟期为800 mg/L)、800 mg/L(N5:全生育期浓度为800 mg/L)5组不同处理,测定番茄全生育期的含水率、茎粗、株高、叶面积、产量及灌溉水分生产率等指标。研究表明:不同施肥浓度各处理土壤含水率差异不显著,N4、N5处理的番茄各项生长指标差异不显著且优于其余处理,说明施肥对土壤含水率影响较小,但随着施肥浓度的增加,番茄的产量及其余生长指标增长明显;施肥浓度前少后多的N4处理番茄长势及产量不弱于N5处理,因此苗期减少施肥、开花坐果期追肥与全生育期保持较高浓度施肥是微润灌溉水肥一体化种植番茄的有效施肥措施。

Response of Tomato in Greenhouse Based on Moistube-irrigation to Fertilizer Application

In order to explore the influence of different fertilization strategies on the growth of tomatoes in greenhouses under micro-moisture irrigation,in this study,the tomatoes were planted in a planting box in the greenhouse,the fertilization concentration was respectively set to five different treatments,namely 200 mg/L(N1:the concentration during the whole growth period is 200 mg/L)and 200~400 mg/L(N2:200 mg/L in the seedling stage,400 mg/L in the fruiting and mature stages),400 mg/L(N3:400 mg/L in the whole growth period),400~800 mg/L(N4:seedling Phase concentration is 400 mg/L,fruiting phase,maturity phase is 800 mg/L),800 mg/L(N5:whole growth period concentration is 800 mg/L),and the indexes of moisture content,stem thickness,Plant height,leaf area,yield and water use efficiency during the whole growth period were measured.The results showed that there was no significant difference in soil water content among treatments with different fertilization concentrations,and the differences in various growth indexes of tomato under N4 and N5 treatments were not significant and better than those under other treatments,indicating that fertilization had little effect on soil water content.However,with the increase of fertilization concentration,the yield and residual growth indexes of tomato increased significantly.The tomato growth and yield of N4 treatment with less fertilizer concentration before and more fertilizer concentration later were not weaker than that of N5 treatment.Therefore,reducing fertilizer application at seedling stage,topdressing at flowering and fruit setting stage and maintaining high concentration of fertilizer application during the whole growth period were effective fertilization measures for the integrated cultivation of tomato with water and fertilizer under micro-watering irrigation.