长岭县地下水流场时空变化特征与驱动力分析

利用长岭县50眼监测井1980-2005年的地下水位监测数据、降水量、蒸发量和人工开采量资料,采用Kriging方法对地下水位进行空间插值,得出地下水流场的时空变化特征。在充分考虑研究区地质、水文地质的情况下,利用因子关联分析和因子贡献度分析方法,对地下水流场时空变化特征的驱动力进行了研究。结果表明:11980-2005年地下水位呈现出整体东南高西北低的特征,地下水位先降低后增加,2000年为转折点。地下水经历基本均衡期、负均衡期和水位回升期,地下水流场在西北部和东南部均出现异变现象。2实际补给量、人工开采量和地下水位具有较好的关联性,二者对地下水位的贡献度呈相反规律。20世纪80年代,实际补给量和人工开采量对地下水位的影响程度相当;90年代,人工开采量对地下水位的影响程度较大。3气象因素(降水量和蒸发量)是研究区地下水流场异变的重要因素,而人工开采是主导因素。4合理的地下水资源开采对于地下水恢复有较好的促进作用,6 000~7 000万m~3开采量对于研究区是合理的。该研究对于认知区域地下水演化和地下水资源优化配置有较好的指导意义。

Evaluation of Spatial-temporal Characteristics and Driving Forces of Groundwater flow Field in Changling County

The spatial-temporal characteristics of groundwater flow field were established by using Kriging interpolation method using the groundwater level data of 50 monitoring wells and the data of precipitation ,evaporation and artificial exploitation in 1980 to 2005 years in Changling County .And the driving forces of groundwater flow field also were analyzed using factor relational degrees analy-sis and factor contribution degree analysis under the full consideration of geology and hydrogeology of the study area .The results showed that the characteristics of groundwater level were high in southeast and low in northwest of the study area and the groundwa-ter level decreased firstly ,and then increased ,with the turning point of 2000 years .The groundwater went through equilibrium phase ,negative equilibrium phase and recovery phase and the groundwater flow field had variation in the northwest and southeast of the study area .There was existed well correlation of actual recharge ,artificial exploitation and groundwater level with the contrary law to groundwater level .In the 1980s ,the actual recharge and artificial exploitation had the same influences on groundwater level , while the influences from artificial exploitation were higher than actual recharge in the 1990s .The meteorological factors were impor-tant factors for the variation of groundwater flow field ,while the artificial exploitation was the dominant factor .The reasonable ex-ploitation of the groundwater resources had promoting role for groundwater recovery ,and 60~70 million m3 productions for the study area was reasonable . The study has good guidance meaning for cognizing regional groundwater evolution and optimizing groundwater resources .