植物生物刺激剂对茶树重要酶系统和生化成份的调节

研究表明植物生物刺激剂(Plant biostimulants)茉莉酸酯、水杨酸、氨基丁酸、超敏蛋白、油菜素内酯、甲壳素对茶树新梢重要酶系统和主要生化成分的生成有一定调控作用。每一种植物生物刺激剂可以上调1-3种酶的活性,茉莉酸酯处理上调过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,水杨酸处理上调多酚氧化酶(PPO)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,β-氨基丁酸处理过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性升高,超敏蛋白处理CAT,SOD活性上升,甲壳素处理PPO活性上升,但在上述物质作用下苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性有所下降或基本不变。施用植物生物刺激剂后儿茶素含量升高,EGCG尤为明显,一般增加45.66%-107.2%。茉莉酸酯、水杨酸处理新梢氨基酸总量提高29.18%-33.61%,甲壳素处理后氨基酸总量下降5.72%,而氨基丁酸处理的总氨基酸减少了51.28%,但氨基丁酸处理的样品精氨酸增加了42.78%。本试验条件下茉莉酸处理后挥发物总量微有增加(+2.11%),水杨酸处理总量减少22.72%,其它处理减少3.79%-13.43%。但单一组分里青叶醇及其酯类(2-Hexen-1-ol,4-Hexen-1-ol,acetate)、青叶醛(2-Hexenal)增加或基本不变,己烯己酸酯(4-Hexen-1-ol,acetate)的含量增加2-3倍。余弦相似度分析表明,经水杨酸和茉莉酸甲酯处理后挥发物组分发生的变化更大。

Plant biostimulants adjusting the important enzymes and biochemical constituents in tea plants

A plant biostimulants are any substance or microorganism applied to plants with the aim to enhance nutrition efficiency,abiotic stress tolerance and/or crop quality traits,regardless of its nutrients content.Plant biostimulants such as jasminate,salicylic acid,β-aminobutyric acid,harpin,brassinolide and chitosan applied on tea plant can adjust the activity of some important enzymes and the bio-synthesis of biochemicals in tea plants.Jasminate upregulated the activity of priodoxidase and superoxide dismutase,salicylic acid upregulated the activity of polyphenoloxidase,priodoxidase and superoxide dismutase,β-aminobutyric acid upregulated the activity of catalase,harpin lead the activity updating of catalase and superoxide dismutase,chitosan upregulated the activity of polyphenoloxidase,while the phenylalanine ammonialyase activity keep stable under all the treatments of biostimulants used.Treatments with plant biostimulants increased the catechins content,with EGCG increasing by 45.66%-107.2%.Jasminate and salicylic acid treatments increased the amino acid content by 29.18%and 33.61%respectively.β-aminobutyric acid treatment increased the amino acid by 51.25%,in which arginine was increased by 42.28%.In this experiment,jasminate slightly increased the content of total tea plant volatiles,while the other biostimulants decreased the total volatiles.