鲁西南地区减量追肥对蒜套棉生长发育及经济效益的影响

为积极推进棉花减氮增效,实现农业提质增效和保护农田环境。以鲁棉1131、鲁棉37、鲁棉319、聊棉19为试验材料,设置氮磷钾配比肥施用量为0、225、300和375 kg/hm 2共4个处理,研究施肥用量对棉花农艺性状和产量的影响。结果表明:棉花株高随着施肥量的减少而降低;单株结铃数随着施肥量的减少而减少,而单铃重相反;同一品种衣分各处理间无明显差异;各品种随着施肥量的减少籽棉产量先升高后降低,各个品种均在施肥量225 kg/hm 2下达到最大值;霜前花率和籽棉收益也在施肥量225 kg/hm 2下达到最大值;净收益最高的是不施肥处理。综合认为,在鲁西南地区高肥力蒜套棉地块无需对棉花进行追肥,可为鲁西南地区蒜套棉减肥增效提供数据支撑。

The Effects of Reduced Fertilization on the Growth and Economic Benefits of Garlic and Cotton Intercropping in Southwestern Shandong

In order to actively promote the reduction of nitrogen and increase efficiency of cotton,improve the quality and efficient of argriculture and protect the farmland environment.The test materials were Lumian 1131,Lumian 37,Lumian 319 and Liaomian 19,four treatments were 0 kg/hm 2,225 kg/hm 2,300 kg/hm 2 and 375 kg/hm 2 of the N,P and K ratio fertizer to research the effects of fertilization rate on cotton agronomic characters and yield.The results showed that the plant height decreased with the decrease of fertilizer application amount;the number of bolls per plant decreased with the decrease of fertilizer amount,but the weight of single boll was the opposite;the lint content of the same variety was not obvious among the treatments;with the decrease of fertilization,the yield of seed cotton increased first and then decreased.Each variety reached the maximum under the fertilizer application of 225 kg/hm 2;the pre-frost flower rate and seed cotton yield also reached the maximum under the fertilization rate of 225 kg/hm 2.and the highest net yield was the treatment without fertilization.It is generally believed that in the high fertility garlic interplanting cotton plot in Southwest Shandong,it is not necessary to topdress the cotton,which can provide data support for reducing application and increasing efficiency in southwest Shandong Province.