玉米抗旱性指标研究进展

干旱作为玉米生长发育最主要的非生物逆境因子,已成为限制玉米产量形成的关键生态因素,也是我国玉米产量产生波动的重要原因,对粮食生产安全构成严重威胁。玉米抗旱性是水分胁迫条件下表现出的一种复杂综合特性,其适应干旱的形态结构是长期进化的结果,其生理指标变化也是一系列适应性改变后的综合表现。当今水资源短缺日益成为突出问题,且对玉米造成干旱的外部因素较多。本文从鉴定方法、形态指标、生理生化等方面阐述玉米抗旱机制与鉴定方法,综述玉米抗旱性最新研究进展。发展抗旱性玉米研究,为创制选育新的耐旱种质提供支撑,最终提升玉米抵御干旱胁迫的能力,这对于保障玉米可持续生产、解决粮食安全具有重要意义。

Research Advances in Drought Tolerance in Maize

Drought is the most important abiotic stress in maize growth and development,having become a key ecological environment factor restricting the formation of maize yield.Drought is also the main cause of maize yield fluctuation in China,which threatens the security of food production.Drought tolerance in maize is a complex and comprehensive character under water stress.Maize has unique morphological structure adaptable to drought,which results from long evolution;the variations in maize adaptable to drought are also reflected in the changes of its physiological and biochemical indexes.With water shortage becoming increasingly prominent worldwide,there are many external factors causing drought in maize.This paper reviews the latest research advances on drought tolerance in maize with respect to its mechanisms,evaluation methods,and evaluation indexes which are made up of morphological indexes and physiological and biochemical indexes.Conducting researches on drought tolerance in maize will facilitate the creation and breeding of new drought tolerance germplasm,thereby improving the tolerance of maize to drought stress,which has great significance for ensuring maize sustainable production and food security.This paper provides a reference for maize researchers to gain deeper understanding of drought tolerance in maize.