Protein Inhibitors ofAlpha-amylase in Mature and Germinating Grain of Rye (Secale cereale) |
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Authors: | A Täufel H Böhm W Flamme |
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Institution: | aDepartment of Food Chemistry and Preventive Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Arthur Scheunert Allee 114–116, Bergholz-Rehbrücke, D-14558, Germany;bFederal Center for Breeding Research on Cultivated Plants, Institute for Stress Physiology and Raw Material Quality, Groß Lüsewitz, D-18190, Germany |
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Abstract: | The activities of endogenous (R-type) and exogenous acting (D-type) protein inhibitors ofalpha-amylase and the activities ofalpha- and total amylase were determined in milling fractions of rye. High D-type amylase inhibitor activities were detected in the embryo (255 IU/g) and in the endosperm fraction (64·9 IU/g), low inhibitor activities were found in the aleurone layer fraction (25·9 IU/g). The highest R-typealpha-amylase inhibitor activity was found in the aleurone layer fraction (32·6 IU/g), and the lowest value in the epidermis containing fraction (5·0 IU/g). The D- and R-typealpha-amylase inhibitor activities varied with growing conditions. D-type amylase inhibitor activities were found to be high in those samples which grew under drought conditions and low in samples cultivated under wet and cool weather. Higher R-typealpha-amylase inhibitor activities were found in rye genotypes cultivated under wet conditions and lower values under dry weather. There were small variations inalpha-amylase inhibitor activities between sprout-stable and sprout-sensitive rye genotypes. The D- and R-typealpha-amylase inhibitor activities of all varieties were stable during 72 h of germination. Similar soil conditions will therefore lead to differentialalpha-amylase inhibitor activities depending on weather conditions during growth. |
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Keywords: | alpha-amylase alpha-amylase inhibitors rye (Secale cereale) milling fractions germination |
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