寒地水稻不同品种(系)的农艺性状分析

以建三江地区历年主栽或新选育的水稻品种为材料,分别考查了98个水稻品种(系)的9个主要农艺性状,定义品种标准化主成分间的欧氏平方距离为遗传距离,采用Between-groups linkage法对其进行了聚类分析。结果表明:当阈值为12.5时,供试的98个材料被划分为4个品种类群。表现出遗传距离较近,遗传基础狭窄的特点,并且寒地水稻品种主要集中在第1类群。因此,在确定水稻育种杂交亲本选配时,要在类群间进行,并结合米质的选择,则有望选育出农艺性状优良、优质、高产的新品种。但改良品种个别性状时,亲本之一符合育种目标,另一亲本也可选用遗传距离不大的品种。认为水稻杂交亲本应在遗传距离较大的类群间进行选择,杂种优势较强。

Analysis of Agronomic Traits of Rice Cultivars in Cold Area

In this paper,the nine agronomic traits of 98 rice varieties planted in Jiansanjiang area were analyzed by using squared Euclidean's distance of standardized principal components as inheritance distance and then clustered with Between-groups Linkage method.The results showed that the 98 entries could be divided into four classes when the threshold value was 12.5,which indicated that the inheritance distance is close,the inheritance base is narrow and the rice varieties in cold area gathered in the first group.Therefore,the parental selection in cross breeding could be considered between groups coordinated with rice quality traits,and it is easier to develop new rice varieties of fine quality and high yield by use of stronger heterosis.