水肥条件对杂交水稻辽优5218产量形成的影响

以辽优5218为供试材料,研究了不同灌溉方式下氮肥运筹方式对水稻产量的影响。结果表明,A2B2处理、A1B1处理辽优5218产量较高,分别达到11 406、11 306 kg/hm2,二者之间没有显著差异。由于节水灌溉处理比常规灌溉节水约40%,因此杂交水稻辽优5218采取A2B2的水肥管理模式更有利于节本增收。在两种灌溉方式下,较高基蘖肥比例(80%)均不利于有效穗数的增加。节水灌溉处理剑叶叶绿素含量下降较快,说明节水灌溉与常规灌溉相比加速叶片衰老进程,不利于结实率提高。提高水稻成穗率和结实率是发挥辽优5218产量优势的重要途径。

Interactive Effect of Water and N Fertilizer on the Yield of Liaoyou 5218

Japonica hybrid cultivar Liaoyou 5218 was used to study the effect of N fertilizer management on the yield under different irrigation methods.N fertilizer management was named as A1(base fertilizer: tiller fertilizer: panicle fertilizer: grain filling fertilizer 3:3:3:1) and A2(4:4:2:0),respectively.The irrigation treatments included B1(traditional irrigation) and B2(water saving irrigation).The results showed that the higher yield of Liaoyou 5218 was obtained from treatment A2B2 and A1B1,being 11 406 and 11 306 kg/hm2,respectively.Since water saving irrigation treatment saved water by 40% compared with traditional treatment,A2B2 was regarded as the more profitable practice for growing Liaoyou 5218 in Liaoning Province.Under the two irrigation methods,panicle numbers decreased with increasing percent of base and tiller fertilizer.SPAD value of flag leaf decreased more rapidly in the water saving irrigation treatment than that in traditional treatment,which probably leads to the decrease of seed-setting rate.Then,improving panicle-bearing tiller rate and seed-setting rate should be the important way to exploit the yield heterosis.