稻田水分管理方式对水稻光合速率和水分利用效率的影响

以超级杂交稻两优培九和中优6号为材料, 设3个不同水分管理措施，在穗分化期、开花期和花后20 d分别测定叶片光合速率和水分利用率。结果表明:不同水分管理方式影响水稻地上部干物重、叶面积指数、光合速率、蒸腾速率和水分利用效率。水分好气灌溉管理地上部干物重和水分利用效率明显增加；水分低水位管理蒸腾速率、地上部干物重和叶片水分利用效率下降。淹水灌溉地上部干物重、叶面积指数、叶片光合速率和水分利用率较低。因此，水稻好气灌溉有利于光合物质积累，显著增产和提高水分利用效率。试验还表明这3种水分管理对稻米蛋白质含量的影响不显著。

Effect of Water Management on Photosynthetic Rate and Water Use Efficiency of Leaves in Paddy Rice

Photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency of rice leaves at the stages of panicle initiation, flowering and 20 days after flowering were determined under three different water managements with two super hybrid rice combinations of Liangyoupeijiu and Zhongyou 6. Different water managements had an important effect on above ground dry weight, leaf area index, leaf photosynthetic rate, leaf transpiration rate and water use efficiency. The above ground dry weight and water use efficiency were increased under the conditions of aerobic irrigation. Leaf transpiration rate, above ground dry weight and water use efficiency were all decreased under the conditions of low water level. Above ground dry weight, leaf area index, leaf photosynthetic rate, leaf transpiration rate and water use efficiency under the conditions of submerged were less than those under the conditions of aerobic irrigation. Water managements had no significant effect on protein content of rice grain.