鱼塘种稻对养殖水体营养物质的去除作用研究

以黄颡鱼精养塘为例,探索鱼塘种植高秆型水稻对精养池塘水体氮磷养分等水质指标的修复作用。结果表明,在水稻生长期,种稻黄颡鱼精养塘水体氮、磷养分含量显著低于单养鱼池塘。在水稻收获期,单养鱼塘水体总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)含量高达11.98mg/L和0.52mg/L,超过了《淡水池塘养殖水排放要求》标准;而种稻鱼塘水体中TN、TP含量则仅为0.49mg/L和0.08mg/L,达到《淡水池塘养殖水排放要求》一级排放标准。种稻鱼塘水体中TN、NH4+-N、NO3--N、TP和PO43--P含量比不种稻单养鱼塘分别降低95.95%、98.09%、98.07%、84.47%和64.57%。种稻鱼塘COD含量和pH值低于单养鱼塘。可见,种稻能有效降低水体养分含量,改善养殖水体水质。

Nutrients Removal From Fish Pond by Rice Planting

An experiment was conducted to elucidate the effects of rice planting on nutrients removal from yellow catfish pond. The results indicated that the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water  of the pond with rice planting  significantly decreased  during the whole rice growing season. The concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the water without rice planting  were 11.98 mg/L and 0.52  mg/L in the harvest time of rice，respectively,  higher than  the secondary  standard of the Requirement for Water Discharge from Freshwater Aquaculture Pond. While the concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus were 0.49 mg/L and 0.08 mg/L with rice planting, meeting  the primary standard of the Requirement for Water Discharge from Freshwater Aquaculture Pond. The contents of total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+ N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3- N), total phosphorus (TP), and phosphate (PO43- P) in the water with rice planting  reduced by 95.95%, 98.09%, 98.07%, 84.47% and 64.57%. COD contents and pH value  in the water with rice culture were lower than those without rice culture. It demonstrated that rice planting  help reduce water nutrients and improve water quality.