中国水稻杂种优势利用现状

 分析了1996～1998年我国杂交水稻生产应用中主要品种的胞质类型及播种情况。现阶段,中国杂交水稻种植面积占水稻年播种面积的50％以上。生产上应用的三系杂交稻仍以野败胞质为主,其次为冈·D型和印尼水田谷型,后者的面积比重在逐年增加。两系杂交稻研究取得新突破,10余个组合通过了省级审定,培矮64S的广泛应用展示了两系杂交稻超三系杂交稻的诱人前景。我国业已育成超级杂交稻苗头组合,个别组合在部分百亩(6.67 hm2)连片示范点已经达到了日产稻谷100 kg/hm2的超级稻指标。

Current Status in the Use of Hybrid Rice Heterosis in China

Main types of cytoplasmic male sterile lines (CMS) which applied in hybrid rice production and corresponding cultivation areas from 1996 to 1998 in China were analyzed. Data show that hybrid rice planting area accounts for over half of the total rice growing areas in China these years. The combinations of CMS WA (wild abortive) was still the dominant one in terms of three line hybrid rice production, and the following ones were CMS G, D as well as CMS ID, while their cultivation area ratios are growing gradually year by year. In regard to two line hybrid rice, breakthrough achievements have been made in China, more than ten combinations being approved at provincial level, and the extensive utilization of the dual purpose genic male sterile line Peiai 64S indicates the promising prospects of the two line hybrid rice. Furthermore, several putative varieties of super hybrid rice have been developed, and some of them reached daily rice grain production 100 kg/hm 2 in several trial sites at the size of seven hectares or so.