两个杂交粳稻组合超高产生长特性的研究

 : 将两个杂交粳稻组合（陵香优18和常优1号）于大田条件下种植，对超高产（产量＞12.0 t/hm2）田块的水稻物质生产和产量形成生长特性进行了分析。结果表明，与高产栽培（CK， 10.5～11.0 t/hm2）水稻相比，超高产栽培水稻穗数、每穗粒数显著高于CK，结实率和千粒重略高于CK，但差异不显著；超高产栽培水稻二次枝梗数、二次枝梗总粒数显著高于CK；有效分蘖临界叶龄期之前，超高产栽培条件下水稻生长比CK快，在有效分蘖临界叶龄期茎蘖数达到预期的穗数，叶面积指数、光合势、干物质积累和群体生长率较CK大；有效分蘖临界叶龄期至拔节期，超高产栽培条件下水稻生长平稳，无效分蘖发生少，高峰苗低，叶面积指数、光合势、干物质积累和群体生长率较CK小；拔节以后，超高产栽培条件下水稻茎蘖数下降平缓，成穗率高，叶面积指数、光合势、干物质积累和群体生长率较CK高，尤其是抽穗以后，超高产栽培条件下水稻具有明显的生长优势，叶面积指数、光合势、干物质积累和群体生长率均极显著高于CK。

Growth Characteristics of Two Super-High-Yielding japonica Hybrid Rice Combinations

Growth and dry matter production characteristics, yield formation and yield components of rice under super high yielding (＞12.0 t /hm2) cultivation were analyzed using two japonica hybrid rice combinations (Lingxiangyou 18 and Changyou 1) in paddy field. The results showed that the number of panicles, the number of grains per panicle, the number of secondary branches per panicle and the number of spikelets on secondary branches under super high yielding cultivation(SHYC) were significantly higher than those under traditional high yielding (10.5 t/hm2 to 11.0 t/hm2) cultivation(CK). The seed setting rate and 1000 grain weight under SHYC were a little higher than those under CK, but without significant difference. Before the critical leaf age for productive tillering, rice under SHYC grew faster and at the critical leaf age for productive tillering the number of stems and tillers was up to the expected value, and leaf area index, photosynthetic potential, dry matter accumulation and crop growth rate were larger than those under CK. From the critical leaf age for productive tillering to elongation, rice under SHYC had a steady growth with less ineffective tillers and lower peak number of seedlings, and its leaf area index, photosynthetic potential, dry matter accumulation and population growth rate were lower than those under CK. After elongation, with a steady decline in growth and a high productive tiller rate, rice under SHYC had higher leaf area index, photosynthetic potential, dry matter accumulation and population growth rate than under CK. Super high yielding rice had an obvious growth superiority. Especially after heading, leaf area index, photosynthetic potential, dry matter accumulation and population growth rate were significantly higher under SHYC than under CK.