杂交水稻种子穗萌遗传效应的研究

 以穗萌抗性水平不一的6个不育系和7个恢复系为亲本材料，采用不完全双列杂交的试验设计，并运用包括胚乳、细胞质和母体植株三套遗传体系的种子遗传模型及估算遗传方差分量和预测遗传效应值的统计分析方法，对杂交水稻种子穗萌特性的遗传效应进行了研究。结果表明，杂交水稻种子的穗发芽率同时受种子直接加性、种子直接显性和母体加性效应的影响，且以种子直接效应为主，不受细胞质和母体显性效应的影响。在选择育种中，田间穗上发芽率以单粒选为好。而穗萌指数同时受制于种子直接遗传效应、母体效应和细胞质效应，但母体植株中只测到显著的母体加性效应。

Genetic Effects of Preharvest Sprouting in Hybrid Rice (Oryza sativa)

Six sterile lines and seven restorer lines, which have different performance in preharvest sprouting, in incomplete diallel cross design, were utilized to analyze the genetic effects of preharvest sprouting rate and index in hybrid rice by using the seed genetic model including endosperm, cytoplasm and maternal plant genetic systems and the statistical method estimating genetic variance components and predicting genetic effects. Results indicate that the preharvest sprouting rate of hybrid rice is influenced significantly by seed direct additive and dominant effects, as well as maternal additive effects. It was mainly controlled by the seed direct genetic effects without cytoplasm and maternal dominant effects. The single grain selection is better for the preharvest sprouting rate in the selective breeding application. The index of preharvest sprouting is co influenced by seed direct genetic effects, maternal effects and cytoplasm effects.