生物黑炭对茶园土壤理化性状及茶叶产量的影响

通过大田试验研究生物黑炭添加对茶园土壤理化性状和茶树生长的影响,设置生物黑炭施用量0(CK)、8、16、32、64 t·hm-2 5个水平.结果表明,生物黑炭施用降低茶园土壤容重,提高土壤总孔隙度和毛管孔度,提高土壤田间持水量、饱和含水量和土壤液相比,改善茶园土壤物理性状.与CK相比,施用生物黑炭处理土壤有机碳含量提高29.55%~98.15%,土壤全氮提高 8.33%~26.52%,有效磷提高 13.04%~69.25%,速效钾提高 17.96%~167.88%,提高幅度均随着生物黑炭施用量的增加而增大;而土壤碱解氮含量下降0.97%~11.54%,但处理间差异不显著.施用生物黑炭处理茶叶产量比CK提高3.24%~13.49%,以16 t·hm-2处理效果最好,但处理间差异不显著.施用生物黑炭处理三年茶叶产量平均比CK提高5.44%~17.05%,以16 t·hm-2处理效果最好,但差异不显著.

Effect of Biochar on Soil Physiochemical Properties and Production Yield of Tea Plantations

Afield experiment was conducted to study theeffect of biocharapplication on the physiochemicalproperties of the soil andthe production yield of a tea plantation. Five application rates of biochar on the plantation soil were tested, i.e.,0(CK),8,16, 32,64 t·hm-2. All applications were found to reduce thebulk density,increase the total porosity, capillary porosity,field capacity, saturated water content and soil/liquidratio, and improve the physicalproperties of the soil.They increased the organiccarbon content by 29.55%~98.15%, thetotal soil nitrogenby 8.33%~26.52%, theavailable phosphorus by 13.04%~69.25%, and the available potassiumby 17.96%~167.88% in the soil, as compared to CK. And, the more biochar was applied the greater the percentage increase. On the other hand,the application reduced the soilavailable nitrogen content by 0.97%~1.54%, with no significant difference among the treatments. The applications also increased the tea yield by 3.24%~13.49%, with the greatest effect found at the rate of 16t·hm-2. But, no significant differences were observed at different levels of the application. The average tea production in three years with the biochar applications increased by 5.44%~17.05%. Although the 16t·hm-2application rendered the highest yield, there were no significant differences among the treatments.