四川南部和重庆地区小麦地方品种的高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成分析

为进一步发掘优异基因资源，为小麦品质遗传和育种改良提供基础材料，用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）方法，对分布于四川南部及重庆地区的49种地方小麦品种进行了高分子量谷蛋白亚基（HMW—GS）组成分析。结果表明，供试小麦材料的HMW—GS组成主要有3种类型，以“Null、7＋8．2＋12”亚基组合出现的频率最高，说明这些地区的小麦地方品种在HMW—GS的组成上具有较高的遗传相似性，这为小麦品种中国春源于四川白麦子的说法提供了有力证据。研究还发现地方品种“奉节罗汉麦”中的Glu-IDx的编码蛋白不表达，这在中国小麦自然群体中属首次报道；同时在“南江青杆麦”的Glu-B1位点上发现了仅存在于四倍体小麦中的23＋18亚基。

Diversity of HMW-GS in Wheat Landraces Native to Southern Sichuan and Chongqing

In order to find new gene resource and to provide fundamental materials for the improvement of wheat quality,allelic variation of high molecular weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GS)was investigated by using one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) in 49 landraces native in southern Sichuan and Chongqing.Five subunits combinations were found,among which,Null,7+8 and 2+12 was of the most frequent one,suggesting that the tested landraces has a narrow genetic base,and the Chinese Spring originated from Sichuan White Wheat.Furthermore,the silence of Glu-D1x in landrace Fengjieluohanmai was firstly reported in wheat lines native to China.The Glu-B1 locus existed only in the tetraploid wheat was found in the tested landrace Nanjiangqingganmai.