甘肃地方小麦品种资源HMW GS组成及其品质效应

为了解甘肃小麦地方品种资源HMW-GS的遗传组成及品质效应,检测了340份品种的HMW-GS和其中250份品种的沉淀值、蛋白质和湿面筋含量.结果表明,甘肃小麦地方品种资源Glu-1位点有21种亚基变异,冬、春小麦资源均以null(87.9%和77.4%)、7+8(93.2%和88.7%)和2+12(82.1%和76.7%)为各自位点的优势亚基;有42种亚基组合形式,冬、春小麦资源均以null/7+8/2+12为优势组合(分别占67.1%和56.4%).甘肃小麦地方品种资源中5+10和5+12亚基频率高于国内已报道小麦地方资源.春小麦地方品种1、7+8和5+10亚基在各自位点的品质效应值最高,冬小麦地方品种2*、7+8、5+12亚基在各自位点的品质效应值最高.从供试材料中筛选出在2个以上基因位点具有优质亚基的地方小麦品种48份,其中14份在3个位点都具有优质亚基.

Compositions of HMW GS and Their Effect on Quality in Wheat Landraces from Gansu

Genetic compositions of HMW GS in 340 Gansu wheat landraces were studied by SDS PAGE, and the quality properties including sedimentation, protein and wet gluten contents of 250 landraces were analyzed by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) in ths experiment. The results whowed that 20 subunit types and 42 subunit compositions were detected in those landraces. The subunits of null (87.9%, 77.4%), 7+8(93.2%, 88.7%), 2+12(82.1%, 76.7%) were the major types in winter & spring wheats, respectively, and 1, 7+8, 2+12 subunit composition was the dominating combination in these landraces. The effect of 1, 7+8, 5+10 on quality was the highest and null, 7+9, 2+12 were the lowest at each locus of spring wheat. While in winter wheat, null, 7+8, 5+12 had the highest effect and 1, 14+15, 5+10 locus of spring wheat. While in winter wheat, null, 7+8, 5+12 had the highest effect and 1, 14+15, 5+10 locus of spring wheat. While in winter wheat, null, 7+8, 5+12 had the highest effect and 1, 14+15, 5+10 had the lowest effect at each locus, 1, 7+8, 2+12 composition in winter wheat and 2^*, 7+8, 2+10 composition in spring wheat had the highest effect among all tested compoisitions. Some good quality genes in Gansu wheat landraces were identified in this experiment and could be applied in wheat quality breeding program. 48 landraces with variations at 2 gene loci and 14 landraces with variations at 3 gene loci with high quality subunit were identified.