播量和施肥对甘啤6号产量和品质的影响

为筛选出河西地区啤酒大麦高产优质栽培的适宜播量和施肥组合，以当地啤酒大麦主栽品种甘啤6号为材料，采用正交设计，研究了播量、氮肥、磷肥对该品种产量、籽粒品质及麦芽品质的影响。结果表明，播量、氮肥、磷肥组合对大麦产量、籽粒品质和麦芽品质影响显著。就产量而言，最佳播量为525 万粒·hm^-2，施氮最佳水平为180 kg·hm^-2，P₂O₅最佳水平为90 kg·hm^-2；对产量的影响表现为播量>氮肥>磷肥。播量在375万～525万粒·hm^-2范围内，籽粒蛋白质含量随播量的增加而下降，但播量达到600万粒·hm^-2时蛋白质含量又有所增加。籽粒蛋白质含量随着氮肥施用量的增加呈直线上升趋势，适量施磷可以在保证产量的同时，抑制蛋白质含量的增加；对蛋白含量的影响表现为氮肥>播量>磷肥，对千粒重的影响表现为播量>磷肥>氮肥。综合来看，在播量为525万粒·hm^-2、施氮量为120 kg·hm^-2、P₂O₅施用量为210 kg·hm^-2条件下，甘啤6号具有较高的籽粒产量和较低的蛋白质含量，且千粒重、整齐度和主要麦芽品质均达国家优级水平，因此该处理可作为河西地区甘啤6号实现高产优质的适宜播量与施肥组合。

Effect of Sowing Rate and Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Malting Barley Ganpi 6

In order to provide a scientific basis for cultivation conditions of good quality malting barley,the study focused on the effects of different levels of sowing rate,nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer on yield and quality of Ganpi 6 by orthogonal experimental design.The results showed that different combinations of sowing rate,nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer had significant effects on yield,grain quality and malting quality.For yield,the optimum sowing rate was 525×10⁴ grains·hm^-2; the best level of nitrogen was 180 kg·hm^-2; and the best level of phosphate fertilizer was 90 kg·hm^-2.In the range of 375×10⁴-525×10⁴ grains·hm^-2,the protein content increased with the decline of sowing rate.But protein content increased when the sowing rate came to 600×10⁴ grains·hm^-2.The protein content increased with the amount of nitrogen,and the proper amount of phosphate fertilizer can ensure production and inhibit the increase of protein content.The primary relations of effects of sowing rate (A),nitrogenous fertilizer (B) and phosphate fertilizer (C) on grain protein content was B>A>C,and on thousand kernel weight and uniformity was A>C>B.The results showed that the treatment of A3B2C4 (525×10⁴ grains·hm^-2 for sowing rate, 120 kg·hm^-2 for pure nitrogen,and 210 kg·hm^-2 for P₂O₅) achieved the higher yield,and lower grain protein content.The thousand kernel weight,uniformity and primary malting all reached to the norm of National optimal level.Therefore,high yield and quality cultivation measure in Hexi area was 525×10⁴ grains·hm^-2 for sowing rate,120 kg·hm^-2 for pure nitrogen,and 210 kg·hm^-2 for P₂O₅.