2016-2017年陕西省小麦区试品种（系）综合抗病性鉴定与评价

为了解2016-2017年陕西省区试的137份小麦品种(系)对条锈病、白粉病和赤霉病的综合抗病水平，以当前我国小麦条锈病主要流行小种CYR32、CYR33和CYR34混合菌株、小麦白粉菌混合菌株和小麦赤霉病强致病力菌株为病原，对区试品种(系)进行成株期人工接种鉴定。结果表明，137份区试材料中，有2份材料对条锈病、白粉病和赤霉病兼具抗性，占供试材料的1.5%，分别为西农238和西农928；6份材料对条锈病和白粉病兼具抗性，占供试材料的4.4%；对条锈病、白粉病和赤霉病表现高抗的材料（含免疫/近免疫）分别占供试材料的34.3%、2.9%和0.7%，中抗品种分别占35.0%、4.4%、33.6%，中感品种分别占21.9% 、8.0% 、30.7%，高感品种分别占8.6%、84.7%、35.0%。陕西省区试小麦品种（系）对条锈病的抗性整体较高，对白粉病和赤霉病的抗性相对较差。

Identification and Evaluation of the Comprehensive Resistance of Regional Trial Varieties(Lines) in Shaanxi Province during 2016-2017

To evaluate the comprehensive resistance to wheat stripe rust,powdery mildew and scab of the new wheat varieties(lines) from regional trial in Shaanxi province during 2016-2017,the materials were inoculated with mixture races of CYR32 ,CYR33 and CYR34 of Puccinia striiromis f. sp. tritici,mixture virulences of Blumeria gramins f. sp. tritici,and strong virulence isolates of Fusarium graminearum at the adult plant stage. Among the 137 materials tested,only Xinong 238 and Xinong 928 showed resistance to all of the three diseases,accounting for 1.5%; six materials had resistant gene to wheat stripe rust and powdery mildew,taking up to 4.4%. The frequencies of highly resistant(including immune/near immune) cultivars to wheat stripe rust,powdery mildew and Fusarium head blight were 34.3%,2.9% and 0.7%; and that of moderately resistant varieties were 35.0%,4.4% and 33.6%,respectively. While the materials showing moderately susceptible to these diseases were 21.9%,8.0% and 30.7%,and those showing highly susceptible were 8.6%,84.7% and 35.0%,respectively. Overall,the 137 varieties(lines) of Shaanxi had high resistance to wheat stripe rust,but poor resistance to powdery mildew and scab