开花期喷施水杨酸对不同类型专用小麦品种籽粒淀粉及产量的影响

为给水杨酸（SA）在小麦高产和淀粉品质调优栽培中的应用提供理论依据，2003～2004年度在大田试验条件下以强、中、弱筋三种类型冬小麦品种豫麦34、豫麦49和豫麦50为供试材料，在开花前3d和开花后7d喷施浓度分别为0、0．5、1．0和1．5g／L的SA，研究其对三种类型专用小麦品种籽粒淀粉组成、特性与产量的影响。结果表明，开花期喷施适宜浓度的SA可以提高淀粉含量、淀粉的支／直比例、粘度参数和强筋小麦的膨胀势，有利于小麦淀粉品质的改善，但对不同类型专用小麦的千粒重、籽粒产量和总淀粉产量的调节效应明显不同，即开花期喷施SA可以提高强筋小麦的千粒重、籽粒产量和总淀粉产量，但1．5g／LSA处理对中筋小麦表现出负效应，与对照相比差异均达极显著水平，对弱筋小麦则无显著调节作用。在本试验条件下，从保证产量和改善小麦淀粉品质的角度来看，对于强筋和弱筋小麦而言，以1．5g／LSA处理效果最好；而中筋小麦以1．0g／LSA处理效果最好。

Effect of Spraying Salicylic Acid (SA) at Anthesis on Grain Starch Properties and Yield of Winter Wheat Cultivars with Different End-use Qualities

In order to provide basic theory for using SA(Salicylic acid)to improve grain yield and starch quality of winter wheat,field experiment was carried out in the growth season of 2003~2004.Three winter wheat cultivars were used in the experiment.Yumai 34,Yumai 49 and Yumai 50 referred to strong-gluten,medium strong-gluten and weak-gluten cultiver,respectively.SA was sprayed twice(3 days before anthesis and 7 days after anthesis,respectively) at concentrations of 0,0.5,1.0 and 1.5 g/L,respectively.Grain yield,starch content and property in the 3 winter wheat cultivars were measured.The results showed that:(1) Spraying of proper concentration of SA was helpful for improving grain starch quality of winter wheat.For yumai49,a medium strong-gluten wheat cultivar,the ratio of amylopectin to amylose and the viscosity parameters were the highest in the treatment of SA of 1.0 g/L.For Yumai 34 and Yumai 50,the treatment of SA of 1.5 g/L got the highest values.(2) 1000-grain weight,grain yield and total starch yield were higher in treatments of SA at 1.0 g/L and 1.5 g/L for Yumai 34,but these values were lower in treatments of SA at 1.5 g/L for Yumai49.As for Yumai 50,there was no significant difference among the treatments.Thus we concluded that,under the experimental conditions,SA spraying at 1.5 g/L had the best regulative effects to improve grain yield and starch quality for both Yumai 34 and Yumai 50.As for Yumai 49,the optimum concentration of SA was 1.0 g/L.