新疆小麦黄色素含量基因等位变异的分子检测及其分布

为了明确新疆小麦材料Psy-A1和Psy-B1位点控制籽粒黄色素含量基因的组成和分布以及与黄色素含量的关系,利用7A和7B染色体上Psy-A1和Psy-B1基因的分子标记YP7A和YP7B,对326份新疆冬、春小麦材料中的等位变异进行检测。结果表明,在Psy-A1位点,含有等位基因Psy-A1a和Psy-A1b的品种(系)分别占83.74%和16.26%,两种基因型黄色素含量平均值的差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01);在Psy-B1位点,含有等位基因Psy-B1a和Psy-B1b的品种(系)分别占83.44%和16.56%,但两种基因型黄色素含量平均值的差异不显著(P>0.05)。不同变异组合类型的分布比例表现不同,Psy-A1a/Psy-B1a所占比例最高,为69.63%;其次是Psy-A1a/Psy-B1b组合类型,为14.11%;Psy-A1b/Psy-B1a组合类型为13.8%;Psy-A1b/Psy-B1b所占比例最低,为2.45%,没有扩增出Psy-B1c和Psy-B1d基因位点。总体来看,新疆小麦高黄色素含量的等位变异类型所占比例较高,冬、春小麦黄色素含量基因型存在一定差异;YP7A可以作为一个稳定、高效的功能标记用于分子标记辅助选择,而YP7B标记则不能独立作为黄色素含量辅助选择的实用性标记。

Molecular Detection and Distribution of Allelic Variations of the Gene for Yellow Pigment Content in Xinjiang Wheat Cultivars

In order to define the distribution of allelic variations for genes Psy-A1 and Psy-B1 controlling wheat yellow pigment content and its relationship with yellow pigment content in Xinjiang wheat cultivars(lines),and to test the applicability of Psy-A1 and Psy-B1 genes,326 wheat cultivars(lines) growing mainly in Xinjiang were tested with the functional markers YP7A and YP7B developed from the sequence polymorphisms of Psy-A1 gene on chromosome 7A and Psy-B1 gene on chromosome 7B.Results showed that the proportion of the allelic variations of Psy-A1a and Psy-A1b at Psy-A1 loci in these varieties(strains) were 83.74% and 16.26%,respectively,the difference of yellow pigment content between the two genotypes was very significant(P < 0.01);the proportion of the allelic variations of Psy-B1a and Psy-B1b at Psy-B1 loci in these varieties(strains) were 83.44% and 16.56%,respectively,the difference of yellow pigment content between the two genotypes was not significant(P < 0.05).The frequencies among allelic combinations were also different,the frequencies of allelic combinations Psy-A1a / Psy-B1a,Psy-A1a / Psy-B1b,Psy-A1b / Psy-B1a,Psy-A1b / Psy-B1b were 69.63%,14.11%,13.8% and 2.45%,respectively.Psy-B1c and Psy-B1d allele was absent in these varieties.Generally,the number of cultivars with high yellow pigment content in Xinjiang was high.There were difference in yellow pigment content between winter wheat and spring wheat.The YP7A could be directly used as stable and efficient functional markers to promoting the quality breeding efficiency,the YP7B could not be used as efficient markers for the selection of yellow pigment content independently.