灌水时期对强筋小麦产量和品质的影响

为了提高小麦的水分利用效率,并为小麦高产优质栽培提供参考,以强筋小麦品种皖麦38为材料,按小麦叶龄指标设计了9个时期的灌水试验,研究了灌水时期对强筋小麦产量和品质的影响。结果表明,皖麦38主穗的籽粒粗蛋白含量随灌水时期的推迟逐渐降低,主要分蘖穗籽粒粗蛋白含量随灌水时期的变化趋势与主穗一致;皖麦38各主要分蘖(1蘖～3蘖)穗的籽粒粗蛋白含量高于主茎穗。春4叶前的灌水处理对穗数的增加有利,春5叶至孕穗期的灌水处理对提高穗粒数有利,孕穗期至灌浆前期的灌水处理更有利于千粒重的提高,灌水时期推迟至灌浆中期会对籽粒产量造成不利影响。籽粒产量随灌水时期推迟呈增加趋势,但灌水推迟至灌浆中期会对籽粒产量造成不利影响。灌浆期进行灌水处理会使沉降值和干、湿面筋含量下降。

Effects of Irrigation Stages on Quality and Yield in Strong Gluten Wheat

Strong gluten wheat cultivar Wanmai38 was used to study the effects of irrigation stages on yield and some quality characteristics of wheat under nine treatments of irrigation stages.The results indicated that the content of crude protein in the main stem of Wanmai38 decreased with the delay of irrigation stages,the content of crude protein in the main tiller showed the same trend as the main stem.The content of crude protein in main tiller(1 to 3 tillers) of Wanmai38 was higher than that in the main stem.The irrigation before the 4th leaf in spring increased panicles,the irrigation between the 5th leaf in spring and booting stage increased the grain number per spike,the irrigation between booting and grain filling stage improved the 1000-grain weight,and the irrigation postponed at middle grain filling stage was unfavorable to yield.Grain yield increased with the delaying of irrigation stage,but irrigation after middle filling stage was not benefit for improving grain yield.The irrigation after grain filling stage reduced the sedimentation value and decreased the dry gluten content and wet gluten content.