垄作栽培对冬小麦根系活力和旗叶衰老的影响

为了明确垄作栽培条件下冬小麦根系活力与旗叶衰老的变化规律,采用垄作种植方式与传统平作栽培相比较的方法,研究了2种不同种植方式对2个小麦品种烟农19和济麦19根系活力及旗叶衰老的影响。结果表明,垄作栽培中由于小麦种植在垄顶上,0-60 cm土层根系干重较平作栽培增加12％以上,深层土壤(20-60 cm)根系活力得到极显著提高。在垄作栽培条件下,小麦生育后期旗叶叶绿素含量和光合速率较传统平作均有显著提高。开花15 d后,垄作栽培条件下的SOD、CAT、POD活性及可溶性蛋白质含量等较传统平作栽培均有显著提高,MDA含量显著降低。垄作栽培与传统平作栽培在同等节水条件下有利于提高小麦深层根系活力,延缓旗叶衰老。

Effects of Raised Bed-planting Cultivation on Root Activity and Senescence of Flag Leaf in Wheat

In order to understand the variation of root activity and senescence of flag leaf in the bed-planting system of winter wheat, two planting patterns, bed-planting (BP) and conventional flat planting (CFP), were adopted in the experiment to compare the root activity and senescence of flag leaf of two cultivars; Yannong 19 and Jimai 19. The results showed as follows: The dry weight of root in 60 cm soil layers increased by 12% in BP than in CFP, the root activity of deep soil layers improved significantly in BP than that in BFP. The chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate of flag leaf were improved significantly in BP than that in CFP during late growth stage. The senescence characteristics of flag leaf such as SOD, CAT, POD and soluble protein content were improved significantly in BP than that in CFP after 15 days of anthesis. It was beneficial to improve root activity of deep soil layers and retard the senescence of flag leaf in BP.