CIMMYT普通冬小麦新品系高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成分析

为了给新疆冬小麦品质改良筛选亲本材料,采用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)方法对墨西哥国际玉米小麦改良中心(CIMMYT)提供的186份普通冬小麦新品系的高分子量谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)组成及分布特点进行了分析.结果表明,在参试材料中共检测到13种不同的亚基类型,其中,Glu- A1位点上有1、null和2* 共3个等位变异类型,以2*亚基为主要类型,占61.8%;Glu-B1位点上有7、6 8、7 8、7 9、17 18、13 16、6.1 22共7个等位变异类型和4个混合亚基类型,以7、6 8、7 8和7 9亚基为主,分别占17.7%、14.5%、24.2%和35.0%;Glu-D1位点上有5 10、2 12和4 12共3个等位变异类型,以2 12和5 10亚基为主,分别占46.8%和44.1%.共检测出39种亚基组合类型,无占明显优势的组合类型,相对而言,2*/7 9/5 10和2*/6 8/2 12两个组合类型的比例稍高一点(分别为12.4%和11.8%).研究还发现,来自同一组合的材料由于选择的微小差异会导致在谷蛋白亚基组成上表现出很大的差异,因此,在小麦品质育种和品质改良中不应简单地等同对待,而要作详细的生化和加工品质分析.

Analysis on the Compositions of HMW-GS of the New Winter Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Lines from CIMMYT

In order to select breeding material to improve wheat quality,the HMW-GS compositions of 186 new lines from breeding station of CIMMYT in Mexico were fractionated by SDS-PAGE,and the compositions and distribution characters of HMW-GS were analyzed.The results showed that a total of 13 subunit types were examined on Glu-1 loci.Three types were detected on Glu-A1,which were 1,null and 2*,and 2* subunit was the major types with frequncy of 61.8%;seven types were detected on Glu-B1,which were 7,6 8,7 8,7 9,17 18,13 16,6.1 22,and subunits 7,6 8,7 8,7 9 were the major types with frequncies of 17.7%,14.5%,24.2% and 35.0%,respectively;three types were detected on Glu-D1,which were subunit 2 12,5 10,4 12,and their frequncies were 46.8%,44.1% and 9.1%,respectively.Furthermore,39 subunit combinations were detected,and 2*/7 9/5 10 and 2*/6 8/2 12 were the major combination types.It was also observed in our studies that HMW-GS compositions may be of great differences between lines from the same crosses,which could cause great differences on processing quality.